Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2000
Retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes four years after a trial of intensive therapy.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 468 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC)
Improving Hypertension Control in Individuals With Diabetes
Phase 1 Study To Determine the Effects of Short Term Near-infrared Light (NIR) Therapy on Anatomic and Functional Abnormalities of Diabetic Macular Edema, and Assess Safety of Short Term Near-infrared Light Therapy in Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema.
Financial Incentives and SMS to Improve African American Womens' Glycemic Control: Friends & Relatives Improving the Effectiveness of Networks for Diabetes Support Through Text Messaging (FRIENDS Text)
Who cites it
468 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,527 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Guideline
- Pooled it
- Global Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Data-based modeling for hypoglycemia prediction: Importance, trends, and implications for clinical practice.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Individuals with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2022Pooled it
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Microvascular and macrovascular complications in children and adolescents.Pediatric diabetes · 2018Guideline
- Insulin and glucose-lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Clinical significance of 'cardiometabolic memory': a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Pooled it
- Ultra rapid lispro improves postprandial glucose control versus lispro in combination with basal insulin: a study based on CGM in type 2 diabetes in China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Trial
- A randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a diabetes behavioral intervention to prevent memory decline in older blacks/African Americans with diabetes and mild cognitive impairment.Contemporary clinical trials · 2022Trial
- Fasting Glucose of 6.1 mmol/L as a Possible Optimal Target for Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Insulin Glargine: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of diabetes research · 2021Trial
- Effect of basal insulin supplement therapy on diabetic retinopathy in short-duration type 2 diabetes: A one-year randomized parallel-group trial.Journal of diabetes · 2019Trial
- Ovarian markers and irregular menses among women with type 1 diabetes in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study.Clinical endocrinology · 2018Trial
- Lack of Longitudinal Association Between Thiazolidinediones and Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Eye Disease: The ACCORD Eye Study.American journal of ophthalmology · 2018Trial
- Overnight Closed-Loop Control Improves Glycemic Control in a Multicenter Study of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Avoidant coping and diabetes-related distress: Pathways to adolescents' Type 1 diabetes outcomes.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2017Trial
- Persistent Effects of Intensive Glycemic Control on Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Follow-On Study.Diabetes care · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Ovarian reserve in women with Type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2016Trial
408 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmong patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, intensive therapy (with the aim of achieving near-normal blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations [hemoglobin A1c]) markedly reduces the risk of microvascular complications as compared with conventional therapy. To assess whether these benefits persist, we compared the effects of former and intensive conventional therapy on the recurrence and severity of retinopathy and nephropathy for four years after the end of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).
methodsAt the end of the DCCT, the patients in the conventional-therapy group were offered intensive therapy, and the care of all patients was transferred to their own physicians. Retinopathy was evaluated on the basis of centrally graded fundus photographs in 1208 patients during the fourth year after the DCCT ended, and nephropathy was evaluated on the basis of urine specimens obtained from 1302 patients during the third or fourth year, approximately half of whom were from each treatment group.
resultsThe difference in the median glycosylated hemoglobin values between the conventional-therapy and intensive-therapy groups during the 6.5 years of the DCCT (average, 9.1 percent and 7.2 percent, respectively) narrowed during follow-up (median during 4 years, 8.2 percent and 7.9 percent, respectively, P<0.001). Nevertheless, the proportion of patients who had worsening retinopathy, including proliferative retinopathy, macular edema, and the need for laser therapy, was lower in the intensive-therapy group than in the conventional-therapy group (odds reduction, 72 percent to 87 percent, P<0.001). The proportion of patients with an increase in urinary albumin excretion was significantly lower in the intensive-therapy group.
conclusionsThe reduction in the risk of progressive retinopathy and nephropathy resulting from intensive therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes persists for at least four years, despite increasing hyperglycemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.