GuidelineJournal of the American College of Cardiology2002
Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force.
Guideline in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 23 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,533 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comprehensive Treatment of Angina in Women With Microvascular Dysfunction - a Proof of Concept Study of the iPower Cohort
Insulin Resistance and Postprandial Endothelial Function: Does Early Intervention Make a Difference?
The Effect of Vascular Distensibility on Endothelial-Dependent Vasoreactivity in Patients With Systolic Hypertension Before and After Receiving Oral Alagebrium for 8 Weeks.
Study of The Effect of Vascular Distensibility on Endothelial-Dependent Vasoreactivity in Subjects With Systolic Hypertension Before and After Receiving Oral Alagebrium or Placebo for 8 Weeks (STRETCH)
Effects of Soy on Metabolite Markers of Health
Effects of Nebivolol on Microvascular Perfusion in the Skeletal Muscles During Exercise in Hypertensive Patients
Nitric Oxide Supplementation as a Therapeutic Intervention in Argininosuccinic Aciduria
Exercise Training Following Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
The Effect of Type 1 Diabetes on Pan-Arterial Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Humans
Evaluation of High-dose Corticosteroids on Microcirculation Alterations in Cardiac Surgery, by FMD (Flow Mediated vasoDilation), Near Infrared Spectrophotometry (NIRS) and Biological Analysis (Syndecan-1)
Characterization of Endothelial Dysfunction as a Function of Hyperaemia of the Brachial Artery During Cardiac Surgery
Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Endothelial Function of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Clinical Trial
The Impact of Fitness and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade on Vascular Dysfunction in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Endothelial Function II
Resistance Training and Cardiometabolic Health
Effect of High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training Compared With Moderate-intensity Continuous Training on Endothelial Function and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Post-prandial Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Endothelial Function in Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Controlled Trial
Effect of Cassia Cinnamon on Arterial Stiffness Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
The Impact of Consumption of Eggs in the Context of Plant-Based Diets on
Assessment of Endothelial Function in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Support
Effects of Pilates Exercises Versus Walking on Mechanical and Vascular Variables of Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Clinical Trial
Assessment of the Cardiovascular Risk Profile of Infants Exposed to Pre-eclampsia in Utero
Does Taurine Supplementation Improve Vascular Function and Orthostatic Responses in Long COVID?
Who cites it
1,533 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 4,564 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Intake of Lycopene-Containing Products on Vascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of exercise modalities and doses on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in adults with overweight or obesity: a Bayesian dose-response network meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Does resistance training alone or in combination with aerobic training improve vascular function indices in adults with type 2 diabetes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Changes in vascular structure and function in primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- The association between smoking exposure and endothelial function evaluated using flow-mediated dilation values: a meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of blueberry intervention on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects and Optimal Dose of Exercise on Endothelial Function in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of Heated Versus Unheated Cooking Oil on Postprandial Vascular Function and Metabolism.Lipids · 2026Trial
- Effect of Wearable Devices and 5G-Powered Remote Precision Rehabilitation on Vascular Function in Post-PCI Patients: An Analysis of the Associations Between FMS, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Arterial Stiffness.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Trial
- Effects of intradialytic resistance versus flexibility exercises on clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial.BMC nephrology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Sakurajima Radish in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Phase IIb Randomized, Three-Period Crossover Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Effects of Increasing Total Fruit Intake With Avocado and Mango on Endothelial Function and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults With Prediabetes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Trial
- Comparative effectiveness of pemafibrate versus bezafibrate on hepatic and vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Association of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1697421 with an increased postprandial serum phosphorus level.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Trial
- Acute Effects of an Anthocyanin-Rich Blackcurrant Beverage on Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Mitochondria-Derived Vesicles and Inflammatory Profiles of Adults with Long COVID Supplemented with Red Beetroot Juice: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Spirituality-Based Intervention in Hypertension: EFfects on Blood PrEssure and EndotheliaL Function-FEEL Trial Results.Global heart · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trial
1,473 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endothelial function is thought to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In the 1990s, high-frequency ultrasonographic imaging of the brachial artery to assess endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) was developed. The technique provokes the release of nitric oxide, resulting in vasodilation that can be quantitated as an index of vasomotor function. The noninvasive nature of the technique allows repeated measurements over time to study the effectiveness of various interventions that may affect vascular health. However, despite its widespread use, there are technical and interpretive limitations of this technique. State-of-the-art information is presented and insights are provided into the strengths and limitations of high-resolution ultrasonography of the brachial artery to evaluate vasomotor function, with guidelines for its research application in the study of endothelial physiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.