Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12800406›Full record

ReviewJournal of interventional cardiology2003

Pathology of the thin-cap fibroatheroma: a type of vulnerable plaque.

Renu Virmani, Allen P Burke, Frank D Kolodgie, Andrew Farb

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of interventional cardiology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06863545 (Further Lipid-Lowering With PCSK9 Inhibitors for Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Coronary Plaques Assessed by CT Angiography), which is not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06863545 narecruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Further Lipid-Lowering With PCSK9 Inhibitors for Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Coronary Plaques Assessed by CT Angiography

Ran2025Enrolled3,596Registered outcomes11Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular Events, Coronary Artery Disease, CT Angiography, PCSK9ArmsPCSK9 inhibitors and background lipid-modifying therapy, Standard lipid-modifying therapy
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Coronary Artery Plaque Characteristics Associated With Adverse Outcomes in the SCOT-HEART Study.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2019 · on this map
    Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Biomechanics of Plaque Rupture and Cardiovascular Calcification.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. FFAR4 Deficiency Increases Necrotic Cores in Advanced Lesions of ApoEArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Renu VirmaniDepartment of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 6825, 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA. virmani@afip.osd.mil
Allen P Burke
Frank D Kolodgie
Andrew Farb

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thin cap atheroma is the precursor of plaque rupture, which accounts for a majority of coronary thrombi. The morphologic features of thin cap atheromas that predict rupture are unknown, but we know from studies of ruptured plaques that large necrotic cores, fibrous cap < 65 microns and numerous macrophages within the cap likely indicate instability. There is some evidence that a speckled pattern of calcification is associated with vulnerability to rupture. There are usually multiple thin cap atheroma in the hearts of patients dying with acute plaque rupture, as well as multiple fibroatheromas with intraplaque hemorrhage. Targeted therapy for the purpose of stabilizing coronary lesions that are prone to rupture is a major future goal of the interventionist.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary ThrombosisHumansNecrosisRupture, Spontaneous

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.