Evidence mapPaperPMID 12821539Full record

ArticleCirculation2003

Novel index for invasively assessing the coronary microcirculation.

William F Fearon, Leora B Balsam, H M Omar Farouque, Anthony D Caffarelli, Robert C Robbins, Peter J Fitzgerald, Paul G Yock, Alan C Yeung

Erratum issued 12 registry-linked trialsAbstract readComparative StudyEvaluation Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Circulation, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 12 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 256 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
256citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04338165 phase2unknown statusstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Impact of PCSK9 Inhibitors on Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Proved by Myocardial Ischemia and Needing Coronarography : a Monocentric, Prospective, Randomized and Open-label Phase II Trial

Ran2021Enrolled66Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons0ConditionsAtherosclerotic Cardiovascular DiseaseArmsEvolocumab 140 MG/ML [Repatha]
Open the trial in the graph
NCT05392959 phase4terminatedstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effect of the Antidiabetic Drug DAPAgliflozin on the Coronary Macrovascular and MICROvascular Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Ran2022Enrolled4Registered outcomes3Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsDapagliflozin 10 mg Tab, Placebo
Open the trial in the graph
NCT02107144 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2014, after this paper: background citation

The Study to Assess the Effect of Trimetazidine on Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR), Measured by Coronary Pressure and Temperature Wire, in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorClinical Hospital Center ZemunRan2014 to 2023Enrolled71ConditionsCoronary Artery Disease, Microcirculation, Vascular ResistanceArmstrimetazidine
NCT03087175 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Impact of Polyethylene Terephthalate Micronet Mesh-Covered Stent (MGuard) on Coronary Microcirculation's Lesions in Patients With ST or Non ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STE and NSTE-ACS): Assessment by Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, GrenobleRan2016 to 2019Enrolled52ConditionsCoronary Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular DiseasesArmsMGuard stent, Drug eluting stent and bare metal stent
NCT03780335 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

EARLY Microvascular Dysfunction Prediction Using Quantitative Flow Ratio After ST-segment Elevation MYOcardial Infarction (EARLY-MYO-QFR I)

TypeobservationalSponsorRenJi HospitalRan2015 to 2018Enrolled162ConditionsST Segment Elevation Myocardial InfarctionArmsComputation of quantitative flow ratio
NCT03910400 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

EARLY Microvascular Dysfunction Assessment Using Quantitative Flow Ratio After ST-segment Elevation MYOcardial Infarction (EARLY-MYO-QFR II)

TypeinterventionalSponsorRenJi HospitalRan2019 to 2021Enrolled200ConditionsST Segment Elevation Myocardial InfarctionArmsComputation of quantitative flow ratio
NCT04220736 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

EARLY Microvascular Dysfunction Prediction Using Quantitative Flow Ratio in ST-segment Elevation MYOcardial Infarction Patients With Pharmaco-Invasive Strategy (EARLY-MYO-QFR PI)

TypeobservationalSponsorRenJi HospitalRan2018 to 2020Enrolled200ConditionsST Segment Elevation Myocardial InfarctionArmsComputation of quantitative flow ratio
NCT05009667 completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective, Multi-center Clinical Trial for Evaluating the Effectiveness and Safety of Coronary Angiography-Derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance Measured Online by a Coronary Functional Measurement System

TypeobservationalSponsorGe JunboRan2021 to 2021Enrolled116ConditionsCoronary Microvascular DysfunctionArmsAngiography-derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance, Pressure wire-based Index of Microcirculatory Resistance
NCT06294730 completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Coronary Microcirculation and Troponin Elevation in Septic Shock

TypeobservationalSponsorKarolinska InstitutetRan2019 to 2025Enrolled62ConditionsSepsis, Myocardial Injury, Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, Endothelial Dysfunction
NCT06306066 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Chronic Coronary Syndrome - Invasive Assessment With Thermo-dilution Technique in the LAD and Biobanking in an All-comer Population

TypeobservationalSponsorKarolinska InstitutetRan2015 to 2022Enrolled505ConditionsCoronary Artery Disease, Microvascular Angina, Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
NCT06373601 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Selution Sirolimus Coated Balloon (MedAlliance) Versus SeQuent Please Neo Paclitaxel Coated Balloon (Bbraun) for the Treatment of de Novo Coronary Artery Lesions in Medium-small Size Vessels.

TypeinterventionalSponsorFondazione Evidence per Attività e Ricerche Cardiovascolari ONLUSRan2024 to 2027Enrolled140ConditionsCoronary Artery Disease, Stenosis Coronary, Coronary Artery Lesion, Percutaneous Coronary InterventionArmssirolimus-eluting balloon (Selution), paclitaxel-eluting balloon (SeQuent Please Neo)
NCT07380919 phase2 / phase3recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Inhibition of Late Sodium Current (INa) to Prevent Coronary MICROvascular Dysfunction in Patients Presenting With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled and Open Label Study (INaMICRON Study)

TypeinterventionalSponsorFederico II UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled100ConditionsSTEMI (ST Elevation MI)ArmsRanolazine
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

256 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Angiography-based coronary microvascular assessment with and without intracoronary pressure measurements: a systematic review.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  5. Reproducibility of bolus versus continuous thermodilution for assessment of coronary microvascular function in patients with ANOCA.EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023
    Trial
  6. Evolocumab for prevention of microvascular dysfunction in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the randomised, open-label EVOCATION trial.EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2022
    Trial
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  15. Review
  16. Unveiling the Microvasculature: The Index of Microcirculatory Resistance and Its Expanding Role in Cardiovascular Care.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2026
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Observational
  19. Article
  20. Review

196 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

William F FearonDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. wfearon@stanford.edu
Leora B Balsam
H M Omar Farouque
Anthony D Caffarelli
Robert C Robbins
Peter J Fitzgerald
Paul G Yock
Alan C Yeung

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA relatively simple, invasive method for quantitatively assessing the status of the coronary microcirculation independent of the epicardial artery is lacking. METHODS AND

resultsBy using a coronary pressure wire and modified software, it is possible to calculate the mean transit time of room-temperature saline injected down a coronary artery. The inverse of the hyperemic mean transit time has been shown to correlate with absolute flow. We hypothesize that distal coronary pressure divided by the inverse of the hyperemic mean transit time provides an index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) that will correlate with true microcirculatory resistance (TMR), defined as the distal left anterior descending (LAD) pressure divided by hyperemic flow, measured with an external ultrasonic flow probe. A total of 61 measurements were made in 9 Yorkshire swine at baseline and after disruption of the coronary microcirculation, both with and without an epicardial LAD stenosis. The mean IMR (16.9+/-6.5 U to 25.9+/-14.4 U, P=0.002) and TMR (0.51+/-0.14 to 0.79+/-0.32 mm Hg x mL(-1) x min(-1), P=0.0001), as well as the % change in IMR (147+/-66%) and TMR (159+/-105%, P=NS versus IMR % change), increased significantly and to a similar degree after disruption of the microcirculation. These changes were independent of the status of the epicardial artery. There was a significant correlation between mean IMR and TMR values, as well as between the % change in IMR and % change in TMR.

conclusionsMeasuring IMR may provide a simple, quantitative, invasive assessment of the coronary microcirculation.

Indexed as

Diagnostic Techniques, CardiovascularAnimalsBlood Flow VelocityBlood PressureCoronary CirculationCoronary StenosisCoronary VesselsLinear ModelsMicrocirculationPredictive Value of TestsReproducibility of ResultsSwineUltrasonography, InterventionalVascular Resistance

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 6 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.