Trial reportThe American journal of medicine2004
Glycemic control with glyburide/metformin tablets in combination with rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind trial.
Trial report in The American journal of medicine, 2004. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 3 cells of the map: it . Cited by 14 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The difference in fasting plasma glucose levels between groups was -48 mg/dL (P<0.001), favoring glyburide/metformin plus rosiglitazone.
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Metformin×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 41 favour the treatment, 13 find no difference, 7 favour the comparator.
Sulfonylureas & glinides×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →31 readable studies in this cell: 7 favour the treatment, 13 find no difference, 11 favour the comparator.
Thiazolidinediones×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →16 readable studies in this cell: 9 favour the treatment, 4 find no difference, 3 favour the comparator.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age, sex, disease severity, and disease duration difference in placebo response: implications from a meta-analysis of diabetes mellitus.BMC medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Diabetes: glycaemic control in type 2 (drug treatments).BMJ clinical evidence · 2012Pooled it
- Choice of therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin and a sulphonylurea: a systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison meta-analysis.Open medicine : a peer-reviewed, independent, open-access journal · 2012Pooled it
- [Recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes].Atencion primaria · 2011Guideline
- Rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2007Pooled it
- Safety and effectiveness of rosiglitazone in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease.Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi · 2006Trial
- Factors Affecting the Treatment Heterogeneity of PPARγ and Pan-PPAR Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Machine Learning-Based Meta-Regression Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Adequacy of clinical trial evidence of metformin fixed-dose combinations for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in India.BMJ global health · 2018Review
- Article
- The glucose-lowering effects of the PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and roflumilast-N-oxide in db/db mice.Diabetologia · 2012Article
- Role of human placental apical membrane transporters in the efflux of glyburide, rosiglitazone, and metformin.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2010Article
- Treatment update: thiazolidinediones in combination with metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Vascular health and risk management · 2007Review
- Drug Interactions of Clinical Importance with Antihyperglycaemic Agents : An Update.Drug safety · 2005Review
- Tolerability profile of metformin/glibenclamide combination tablets (Glucovance): a new treatment for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Drug safety · 2004Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
purposeTo assess the efficacy and safety of adding rosiglitazone to an established regimen of glyburide/metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes who had not achieved adequate glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1C] levels >7.0% and < or =10.0%).
methodsFollowing an open-label, lead-in phase to optimize the dosing of glyburide/metformin tablets, 365 patients randomly received additive therapy comprising rosiglitazone (4 mg once daily) or placebo for 24 weeks. Based on glycemic response, rosiglitazone dose was maintained or increased to 4 mg twice daily. Glyburide/metformin dose was maintained or reduced by 2.5/500 mg for symptomatic hypoglycemia. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1C level from baseline to week 24. The proportions of patients achieving HbA1C levels <7% and a fasting plasma glucose level <126 mg/dL were also assessed.
resultsAfter 24 weeks, therapy with glyburide/metformin plus rosiglitazone resulted in a greater reduction in HbA1C levels (-1.0%, P<0.001) compared with combination therapy that included placebo, and in a larger proportion of patients (42% vs. 14%) who attained levels <7%. The difference in fasting plasma glucose levels between groups was -48 mg/dL (P<0.001), favoring glyburide/metformin plus rosiglitazone. The adverse event profile in the rosiglitazone-treated group included mild-to-moderate edema (8%), hypoglycemia (22%), and weight gain of 3 kg. No patient experienced hypoglycemia requiring third-party assistance.
conclusionIn patients with inadequate glycemic control despite established glyburide/metformin therapy, the addition of rosiglitazone improves glycemic control, allowing more patients to achieve an HbA1C level <7% and perhaps delaying the need for insulin treatment.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.