Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15249353›Full record

Trial reportArchives of internal medicine2004

Impact of diabetes and previous myocardial infarction on long-term survival: 25-year mortality follow-up of primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial.

Olga Vaccaro, Lynn E Eberly, James D Neaton, Lingfeng Yang, Gabriele Riccardi, Jeremiah Stamler, Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readClinical TrialComparative StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Archives of internal medicine, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04183868 phase4completedstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Effects of Empagliflozin Versus Glimepiride After 26-weeks of Treatment Add on Metformin on Myocardial Metabolic Rate of Glucose Estimated Through 18FDG-PET in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Ran2016Enrolled26Registered outcomes10Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular Risk Factor, Type 2 DiabetesArmsempagliflozin 10 mg, Glimepiride 2 mg
PMID 24929430PMID 24463454PMID 21606218PMID 25537706PMID 25791290PMID 26052984PMID 26343814PMID 26378978PMID 29496507PMID 11511119PMID 11815441PMID 12351442other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT00011206 completednot on this map

Mortality Follow-Up and Analyses of Men in the MRFIT

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2001 to 2006ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Heart Diseases, Coronary Disease, Myocardial Ischemia
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Refining risk in diabetes and CAD with SPECT MPI: New insights and future challenges.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2019
    Article
  9. Coronary risk equivalence of diabetes assessed by SPECT-MPI.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2019
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Observational
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Olga VaccaroDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University of Naples.
Lynn E Eberly
James D Neaton
Lingfeng Yang
Gabriele Riccardi
Jeremiah Stamler
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group
University of Naples Federico II · IT

Funding

MORTALITY FOLLOW-UP AND ANALYSES OF MEN IN THE MRFITR01HL068140 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI NEATON, JAMES DENNIS · 2001 to 2005
$2.6M
MORTALITY FOLLOW-UP AND ANALYSIS--MRFIT RANDOMIZED MENR01HL043232 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI NEATON, JAMES DENNIS · 1990 to 1994
–
NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL-43232NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL-68140
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe magnitude of coronary mortality risk associated with diabetes or prior myocardial infarction (MI) is debatable. Modulating effects of age, risk factors, and duration of follow-up may explain discrepancies in previous research. Associations with noncardiovascular mortality are little explored.

objectivesTo compare mortality patterns in men with a history of diabetes or MI and to assess modulating effects on mortality of age, cardiovascular risk factors, and follow-up duration.

methodsWe compared the 25-year mortality of 4809 men with diabetes only and 4625 men with MI only (all men aged 35-57 years).

resultsThe adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality for those with MI only vs those with diabetes only was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.92-1.03; P =.32). The pattern of deaths was different: higher coronary mortality (HR = 1.37; P<.001) and lower mortality from noncardiovascular causes (HR = 0.66; P<.001) in those with MI only compared with those with diabetes only. This finding prevailed across all ages and levels of cardiovascular risk factors. Hazard ratios for coronary mortality significantly declined over follow-up (2.7, 1.7, 1.2, 1.1, and 1.0 for < or =5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, and >20 years of follow-up, respectively), whereas HRs for noncardiovascular mortality remained relatively constant.

conclusionsOverall, diabetes and MI were similarly strong predictors of total mortality. Higher mortality from noncardiovascular causes was observed in those with diabetes only, whereas prior MI was more strongly predictive of coronary mortality than diabetes at any age and level of cardiovascular risk factors. The difference in coronary mortality between the 2 groups was most evident in the first 10 years of follow-up.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsCause of DeathCoronary DiseaseDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionRisk FactorsSensitivity and SpecificityStatistics as TopicSurvival AnalysisTime

Identifiers

PMID15249353
OpenAlexW2167285869

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.