Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15765890›Full record

Trial reportDrugs2004

Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Peter S Sever, Björn Dahlöf, Neil R Poulter, Hans Wedel, Gareth Beevers, Mark Caulfield, Rory Collins, Sverre E Kjeldsen, Arni Kristinsson, Gordon T McInnes and 5 more

Abstract readClinical TrialMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Drugs, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
71.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 523 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Benefits and Risks of Antihyperlipidemic Medication in Adults with Different Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Based on the Number Needed to Treat.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2024 · on this map
    Pooled it
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  3. Statins in Healthy Adults: A Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021
    Pooled it
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  8. Effects of Pitavastatin on Insulin Sensitivity and Liver Fat: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018
    Trial
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  12. Article
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  14. Review
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  16. Lipid-Lowering Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Association of statin therapy with incidence of type 2 diabetes among US Veterans.Journal of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular therapy · 2019
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 11 institutions in 7 countries.

Peter S SeverImperial College, London, UK.
Björn Dahlöf
Neil R Poulter
Hans Wedel
Gareth Beevers
Mark Caulfield
Rory Collins
Sverre E Kjeldsen
Arni Kristinsson
Gordon T McInnes
Jesper Mehlsen
Markku Nieminen
Eoin O'Brien
Jan Ostergren
ASCOT Investigators
Imperial College London · GBKarolinska University Hospital · SEBirmingham City Hospital · GBBotsford Hospital · USFrederiksberg Hospital · DKHelsinki University Hospital · FIQueen Mary University of London · GBReykjavík University · ISUllevål Sykehusapotek · NOUniversity of Glasgow · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe lowering of cholesterol concentrations in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease improves outcome. No study, however, has assessed benefits of cholesterol lowering in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in hypertensive patients who are not conventionally deemed dyslipidaemic.

methodsOf 19 342 hypertensive patients (aged 40-79 years with at least three other cardiovascular risk factors) randomised to one of two antihypertensive regimens in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial, 10,305 with nonfasting total cholesterol concentrations 6.5 mmol/L or less were randomly assigned additional atorvastatin 10 mg or placebo. These patients formed the lipid-lowering arm of the study. We planned follow-up for an average of 5 years, the primary endpoint being non-fatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD. Data were analysed by intention to treat.

findingsTreatment was stopped after a median follow-up of 3.3 years. By that time, 100 primary events had occurred in the atorvastatin group compared with 154 events in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0.64 [95% CI 0.50-0.83], p = 0.0005). This benefit emerged in the first year of follow-up. There was no significant heterogeneity among prespecified subgroups. Fatal and non-fatal stroke (89 atorvastatin vs 121 placebo, 0.73 [0.56-0.96], p = 0.024), total cardiovascular events (389 vs 486, 0.79 [0.69-0.90], p = 0.0005), and total coronary events (178 vs 247, 0.71 [0.59-0.86], p = 0.0005) were also significantly lowered. There were 185 deaths in the atorvastatin group and 212 in the placebo group (0.87 [0.71-1.06], p = 0.16). Atorvastatin lowered total serum cholesterol by about 1.3 mmol/L compared with placebo at 12 months, and by 1.1 mmol/L after 3 years of follow-up.

interpretationThe reductions in major cardiovascular events with atorvastatin are large, given the short follow-up time. These findings may have implications for future lipid-lowering guidelines.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAtorvastatinCholesterolCoronary DiseaseEndpoint DeterminationFemaleHeptanoic AcidsHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionProportional Hazards ModelsPyrrolesAtorvastatinCholesterolHeptanoic AcidsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPyrroles

Identifiers

PMID15765890
OpenAlexW1987054189

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.