Evidence mapPaperPMID 17599424Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of cardiology2007

Prevention of cardiovascular disease in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus: current knowledge and rationale for the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.

David C Goff, Hertzel C Gerstein, Henry N Ginsberg, William C Cushman, Karen L Margolis, Robert P Byington, John B Buse, Saul Genuth, Jeffrey L Probstfield, Denise G Simons-Morton and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of cardiology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00000620. Cited by 89 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
11.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00000620 phase3completed

Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD)

Ran1999Enrolled10,251Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons6ConditionsAtherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Disease, Diabetes MellitusArmsAnti-hyperglycemic Agents, Anti-hypertensive Agents, Blinded fenofibrate or placebo plus simvastatin
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 232 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Glucose targets for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
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  8. Trial
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  11. Genetic Variants inDiabetes · 2018
    Trial
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29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

David C GoffDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1063, USA. dgoff@wfubmc.edu
Hertzel C Gerstein
Henry N Ginsberg
William C Cushman
Karen L Margolis
Robert P Byington
John B Buse
Saul Genuth
Jeffrey L Probstfield
Denise G Simons-Morton
ACCORD Study Group
Wake Forest University · USCase Western Reserve University · USColumbia University · USHennepin County Medical Center · USMemphis VA Medical Center · USNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute · USPopulation Health Research Institute · CAUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of Washington Medical Center · US

Funding

PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095183 · MINNEAPOLIS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN, INC. · 1999 to 2000
$1.9M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095181 · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.8M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095184 · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 1999 to 2000
$1.7M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095182 · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.6M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUS-N01HC95178N01HC095178 · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 1999 to 2005
$1.5M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETER MELLLITN01HC095180 · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 1999 to 2000
$1.5M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095179 · MCMASTER UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95178NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95179NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95180NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95181NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95182NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95183NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95184NHLBI NIH HHS Y1-HC-1010NHLBI NIH HHS Y1-HC-9035
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus die of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at rates 2-4 times higher than patients without diabetes but with similar demographic characteristics. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in the United States and, thus, the prevention of CVD in patients with diabetes poses an urgent public health challenge. The objective of this report is to review the current knowledge base for the prevention of CVD in patients with diabetes, with particular emphasis on the control of glycemia, lipids, and blood pressure. Epidemiologic analyses suggest that each 1% increase in glycosylated hemoglobin increases the risk for CVD by approximately 18%; however, evidence from the randomized trials that have examined whether glucose lowering reduces this risk is conflicting. Randomized trials have shown that lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduces CVD event rates by 17%-43% in patients with diabetes. Limited data support a role for lowering triglycerides and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the prevention of CVD. Evidence from clinical trials shows that reducing systolic blood pressure to <140 mm Hg results in 30%-60% reductions in CVD events; however, epidemiologic evidence suggests that lowering to optimal systolic blood pressure levels (<120 mm Hg) may be additionally beneficial. Important questions regarding prevention of CVD in patients with diabetes remain unresolved, including the benefits of near-normal glycemic control, comprehensive therapy for diabetes-related dyslipidemia, and optimal blood pressure control. The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial will test hypotheses to address these unanswered questions.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Antihypertensive AgentsCoronary DiseaseDiabetic AngiopathiesFenofibrateHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypolipidemic AgentsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAntihypertensive AgentsFenofibrateHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypolipidemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID17599424
OpenAlexW2086199335

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.