Evidence mapPaperPMID 18077795Full record

Trial reportNeurology2008

Hemorrhagic stroke in the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels study.

L B Goldstein, P Amarenco, M Szarek, A Callahan, M Hennerici, H Sillesen, J A Zivin, K M A Welch, SPARCL Investigators

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Neurology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06649240 (Optimal Target Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level for Small Vessel Occlusion Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 138 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
138citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
18.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06649240 narecruitingstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Optimal Target Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level for Small Vessel Occlusion Stroke (SVO70)

Ran2024Enrolled4,016Registered outcomes7Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, LDL, Ischemic Stroke, Secondary PreventionArmsPCSK9 inhibitor, Statins and/or Ezetimibe
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

138 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 404 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. 2018 Guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2019
    Guideline
  4. Guideline
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Guideline
  8. The role of statins in neurosurgery.Neurosurgical review · 2010
    Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Type 2 statin use increased perioperative blood loss in primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Patterns and predictors of statin therapy after ischemic stroke and TIA: insights from the LIPYDS multicenter study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Observational

78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.

L B GoldsteinDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. golds004@mc.duke.edu
P Amarenco
M Szarek
A Callahan
M Hennerici
H Sillesen
J A Zivin
K M A Welch
SPARCL Investigators
Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) study, atorvastatin 80 mg/day reduced the risk of stroke in patients with recent stroke or TIA. Post hoc analysis found this overall benefit included an increase in the numbers of treated patients having hemorrhagic stroke (n = 55 for active treatment vs n = 33 for placebo).

methodsWe explored the relationships between hemorrhage risk and treatment, baseline patient characteristics, most recent blood pressure, and most recent low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels prior to the hemorrhage.

resultsOf 4,731 patients, 67% had ischemic strokes, 31% TIAs, and 2% hemorrhagic strokes as entry events. In addition to atorvastatin treatment (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.59, p = 0.02), Cox multivariable regression including baseline variables significant in univariable analyses showed that hemorrhagic stroke risk was higher in those having a hemorrhagic stroke as the entry event (HR 5.65, 95% CI 2.82 to 11.30, p < 0.001), in men (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.84, p = 0.01), and with age (10 y increments, HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.74, p = 0.001). There were no statistical interactions between these factors and treatment. Multivariable analyses also found that having Stage 2 (JNC-7) hypertension at the last study visit before a hemorrhagic stroke increased risk (HR 6.19, 95% CI 1.47 to 26.11, p = 0.01), but there was no effect of most recent LDL-cholesterol level in those treated with atorvastatin.

conclusionsHemorrhagic stroke was more frequent in those treated with atorvastatin, in those with a hemorrhagic stroke as an entry event, in men, and increased with age. Those with Stage 2 hypertension at the last visit prior to the hemorrhagic stroke were also at increased risk. Treatment did not disproportionately affect the hemorrhagic stroke risk associated with these other factors. There were no relationships between hemorrhage risk and baseline low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level or recent LDL cholesterol level in treated patients.

Indexed as

AdultAnticholesteremic AgentsAtorvastatinCerebral InfarctionCholesterol, LDLComorbidityDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHeptanoic AcidsHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisProspective StudiesPyrrolesAnticholesteremic AgentsAtorvastatinCholesterol, LDLHeptanoic AcidsPyrroles

Identifiers

PMID18077795
OpenAlexW4241543174

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.