ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2007
Differential effects of Th1, monocyte/macrophage and Th2 cytokine mixtures on early gene expression for glial and neural-related molecules in central nervous system mixed glial cell cultures: neurotrophins, growth factors and structural proteins.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
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- IL-17 Exerts Anti-Apoptotic Effect via miR-155-5p Downregulation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2017Article
- Z-Guggulsterone Improves the Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairments Through Enhancement of the BDNF Signal in C57BL/6J Mice.Neurochemical research · 2016Article
- Inflammatory cytokine-associated depression.Brain research · 2015Review
- The use of microRNAs to modulate redox and immune response to stroke.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2015Review
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels and genotype: association with depression during interferon-α treatment.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2013Article
- Serum and lymphocytic neurotrophins profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study.PloS one · 2013Article
- Gene expression profiles associated with depression in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CH-C).Brain and behavior · 2012Article
- Molecular hydrogen reduces LPS-induced neuroinflammation and promotes recovery from sickness behaviour in mice.PloS one · 2012Article
- Levels of BDNF impact oligodendrocyte lineage cells following a cuprizone lesion.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2011Article
- Cytokines reduce toxic effects of ethanol on oligodendroglia.Neurochemical research · 2011Article
- Differential effects of Th1, monocyte/macrophage and Th2 cytokine mixtures on early gene expression for molecules associated with metabolism, signaling and regulation in central nervous system mixed glial cell cultures.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn multiple sclerosis, inflammatory cells are found in both active and chronic lesions, and it is increasingly clear that cytokines are involved directly and indirectly in both formation and inhibition of lesions. We propose that cytokine mixtures typical of Th1 or Th2 lymphocytes, or monocyte/macrophages each induce unique molecular changes in glial cells.
methodsTo examine changes in gene expression that might occur in glial cells exposed to the secreted products of immune cells, we have used gene array analysis to assess the early effects of different cytokine mixtures on mixed CNS glia in culture. We compared the effects of cytokines typical of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages (M/M) on CNS glia after 6 hours of treatment.
resultsIn this paper we focus on changes with potential relevance for neuroprotection and axon/glial interactions. Each mixture of cytokines induced a unique pattern of changes in genes for neurotrophins, growth and maturation factors and related receptors; most notably an alternatively spliced form of trkC was markedly downregulated by Th1 and M/M cytokines, while Th2 cytokines upregulated BDNF. Genes for molecules of potential importance in axon/glial interactions, including cell adhesion molecules, connexins, and some molecules traditionally associated with neurons showed significant changes, while no genes for myelin-associated genes were regulated at this early time point. Unexpectedly, changes occurred in several genes for proteins initially associated with retina, cancer or bone development, and not previously reported in glial cells.
conclusionEach of the three cytokine mixtures induced specific changes in gene expression that could be altered by pharmacologic strategies to promote protection of the central nervous system.
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