ReviewPharmacological reviews2009
International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXIII. Nomenclature for the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 437 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
437 citing papers in PubMed, 759 citations in OpenAlex.
- GABA ameliorates diabetic kidney disease-induced podocyte injury via JAML-FPR2 axis-mediated suppression of macrophage infiltration.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Article
- ANXA1/FPR Signaling Contribute to Paclitaxel Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Through PI3K/AKT-Associated PGC1α Regulation.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Targeting cytokine-like protein FAM3D alleviates atherosclerosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Toward a Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Agonist MR-39 Supports Synaptic Health in the BTBR Mouse and Features a Favorable Safety Profile.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Protein glycoxidation in neuropsychiatric disorders-from basic research to clinical practice.Redox biology · 2026Review
- International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXXII. Applying an objective evaluation to the status of class A orphan G protein-coupled receptors.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Annexin A1: circulating markers for exacerbation of COPD.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Article
- Agonist-specific FPR1 conformational change prevents receptor recycling and promotes targeted protein degradation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- CXCR2-Dependent Infiltration of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils Is Linked to Enhanced CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cross-Platform Biosensing of Immune Receptors Using Peptide-Functionalized Graphene.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Cyclosporin H Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Modulation of Fpr1 Signaling and Inhibiting Pyroptosis.Research and reports in urology · 2026Article
- Investigation into ligand selectivity and bias at the formyl peptide receptor family.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2026Article
- Transdermal Delivery of Hyaluronate-Conjugated Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Agonistic Peptide Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2025/26: G protein-coupled receptors.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Prognostic impacts of lipoxin A4 in relation to diabetes and insulin resistance in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a prospective study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Genetic deletion of Alx/Fpr2 differentially regulates pulmonary inflammation in the absence and presence of acute lung injury.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Assessing the potential of bacterial signal peptides for radiopharmaceutical applications.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heteroaryl, Squaramide, and Indolcarboxamide Derivatives as Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Agonists to Target Neuroinflammation.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
377 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are a small group of seven-transmembrane domain, G protein-coupled receptors that are expressed mainly by mammalian phagocytic leukocytes and are known to be important in host defense and inflammation. The three human FPRs (FPR1, FPR2/ALX, and FPR3) share significant sequence homology and are encoded by clustered genes. Collectively, these receptors bind an extraordinarily numerous and structurally diverse group of agonistic ligands, including N-formyl and nonformyl peptides of different composition, that chemoattract and activate phagocytes. N-formyl peptides, which are encoded in nature only by bacterial and mitochondrial genes and result from obligatory initiation of bacterial and mitochondrial protein synthesis with N-formylmethionine, is the only ligand class common to all three human receptors. Surprisingly, the endogenous anti-inflammatory peptide annexin 1 and its N-terminal fragments also bind human FPR1 and FPR2/ALX, and the anti-inflammatory eicosanoid lipoxin A4 is an agonist at FPR2/ALX. In comparison, fewer agonists have been identified for FPR3, the third member in this receptor family. Structural and functional studies of the FPRs have produced important information for understanding the general pharmacological principles governing all leukocyte chemoattractant receptors. This article aims to provide an overview of the discovery and pharmacological characterization of FPRs, to introduce an International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR)-recommended nomenclature, and to discuss unmet challenges, including the mechanisms used by these receptors to bind diverse ligands and mediate different biological functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.