Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20165593›Full record

ArticlePatient preference and adherence2010

Optimizing the benefit of multiple sclerosis therapy: the importance of treatment adherence.

Francesco Patti

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Patient preference and adherence, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02988401 (Intranasal Insulin for Improving Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02988401 phase1 / phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Intranasal Insulin for Improving Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2017 to 2021Enrolled105ConditionsMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, Multiple Sclerosis, Secondary Progressive, Multiple Sclerosis, Primary ProgressiveArmsInsulin, Placebo (Sterile diluent)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Intranasal insulin for improving cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
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18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Francesco PattiDepartment of Neurology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poor treatment adherence is problematic in many therapy areas, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Several immunomodulatory drugs are available for the treatment of MS, all of which require frequent parenteral administration. Current first-line therapies are two formulations of interferon (IFN) beta-1a, one of IFN beta-1b, and one of glatiramer acetate. Discontinuation of treatment is common, particularly in the first few months after initiation. Although the true effect of poor adherence to MS therapy is not known, it is likely to lead to a fall in treatment efficacy. Many factors influence a patient's adherence to treatment, including the patient's MS subtype and disability level, cognitive impairment resulting from MS, perceived lack of efficacy of the prescribed medication, and adverse events associated with MS therapy. This article summarizes the barriers to adherence to MS therapies, and discusses patient management strategies that can be employed to encourage adherence. Future advances in the field of MS treatment will be explored, including the development of orally administered drugs, which may enhance adherence.

Indexed as

adherenceadverse eventscomplianceefficacyinterruptionmanagementmultiple sclerosistolerability

Identifiers

PMID20165593
PMCPMC2819898

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.