SynthesisCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2010
Comparison of cardiovascular risk profiles among ethnic groups using population health surveys between 1996 and 2007.
Synthesis in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03819790 (Variability of Glucose Assessed in a Randomized Trial Comparing the Initiation of A Treatment Approach With Biosimilar Basal Insulin Analog Or a Titratable iGlarLixi combinatioN in Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asian Subjects), which is not on this map. Cited by 94 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Variability of Glucose Assessed in a Randomized Trial Comparing the Initiation of A Treatment Approach With Biosimilar Basal Insulin Analog Or a Titratable iGlarLixi combinatioN in Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asian Subjects (VARIATION 2 SA Trial)
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond conventional metrics: a scoping review of cultural food security definitions and indicators for migrant populations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of Primary Care Health Checks at Assessing Cardiovascular Risks among Ethnic Minorities in the UK: A Systematic Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular diseases and risk factors among Chinese immigrants.Internal and emergency medicine · 2016Pooled it
- The impact of cardiovascular disease prevalence on women's enrollment in landmark randomized cardiovascular trials: a systematic review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Hypertension Prevalence, Health Service Utilization, and Participant Satisfaction: Findings From a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial in Aged Chinese Canadians.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing · 2017Trial
- Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension with Sodium Reduction for Chinese Canadians (DASHNa-CC): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2017Trial
- Trial
- The Canadian multi-ethnic research on aging (CAMERA) study: Design, participant characteristics, and preliminary findings.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Observational
- Tailoring Calcium Scores to the Race of a Nation Not a Region.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Anthropometric and Metabolic Traits Across Ancestries in the UK Biobank.Journal of obesity · 2026Article
- Visceral adipose tissue and hepatic fat as determinants of carotid atherosclerosis.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Development of a new scoring system for predicting recurrent thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease: focus on marginalized populations considering ethnicity and race.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Comparison of Meal Patterns Across Common Racial Groups in the UK and the USA, Examining Associations with Weight Status and Diet Quality: a Secondary Analysis of NDNS and NHANES Datasets.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular disease: analysis of three large US prospective cohorts and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Inequities in access to palliative and end-of-life care in the black population in Canada: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Recalibration of Framingham risk for a local population of Sri Lanka.BMC public health · 2024Article
- An investigation of diet quality across racial groups in the United Kingdom and United States considering nutritional adequacy, disease risk, and environmental sustainability: a secondary analysis of NDNS and NHANES datasets.Journal of nutritional science · 2024Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough people of South Asian, Chinese and black ethnic backgrounds represent about 60% of the world's population, most knowledge of cardiovascular risk is derived from studies conducted in white populations. We conducted a large, population-based comparison of cardiovascular risk among people of white, South Asian, Chinese and black ethnicity living in Ontario, Canada.
methodsWe examined the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of eight cardiovascular risk factors, heart disease and stroke among 154,653 white people, 3364 South Asian people, 3038 Chinese people and 2742 black people. For this study, we pooled respondent data from five cross-sectional health surveys conducted between 1996 and 2007: the National Population Health Survey of 1996 and the Canadian Community Health Survey, versions 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1.
resultsThe four ethnic groups varied considerably in the prevalence of the four major cardiovascular risk factors that we examined: for smoking, South Asian 8.6%, Chinese 8.7%, black 11.4% and white 24.8%; for obesity, Chinese 2.5%, South Asian 8.1%, black 14.1% and white 14.8%; for diabetes mellitus, white 4.2%, Chinese 4.3%, South Asian 8.1% and black 8.5%; and for hypertension, white 13.7%, Chinese 15.1%, South Asian 17.0% and black 19.8%. The prevalence of heart disease ranged from a low of 3.2% in the Chinese population to a high of 5.2% in the South Asian population, and the prevalence of stroke ranged from a low of 0.6% in the Chinese population to a high of 1.7% in the South Asian population. Although the black population had the least favourable cardiovascular risk factor profile overall, this group had a relatively low prevalence of heart disease (3.4%).
interpretationEthnic groups living in Ontario had striking differences in cardiovascular risk profiles. Awareness of these differences may help in identifying priorities for the development of cardiovascular disease prevention programs for specific ethnic groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.