Evidence mapPaperPMID 20427682Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2010

Epidemiologic relationships between A1C and all-cause mortality during a median 3.4-year follow-up of glycemic treatment in the ACCORD trial.

Matthew C Riddle, Walter T Ambrosius, David J Brillon, John B Buse, Robert P Byington, Robert M Cohen, David C Goff, Saul Malozowski, Karen L Margolis, Jeffrey L Probstfield and 3 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 161 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
161citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

161 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022
    Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Treatment of Diabetes in Older Adults: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019
    Guideline
  4. Pooled it
  5. Glucose targets for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
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  7. Pooled it
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  11. Guideline
  12. Bariatric surgery: an IDF statement for obese Type 2 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2011 · on this map
    Guideline
  13. Pooled it
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  15. Guideline
  16. Trial
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101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Matthew C RiddleDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. riddlem@ohsu.edu
Walter T Ambrosius
David J Brillon
John B Buse
Robert P Byington
Robert M Cohen
David C Goff
Saul Malozowski
Karen L Margolis
Jeffrey L Probstfield
Adrian Schnall
Elizabeth R Seaquist
Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Investigators

Funding

PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095183 · MINNEAPOLIS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN, INC. · 1999 to 2000
$1.9M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095181 · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.8M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095184 · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 1999 to 2000
$1.7M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095182 · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.6M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUS-N01HC95178N01HC095178 · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 1999 to 2005
$1.5M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETER MELLLITN01HC095180 · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 1999 to 2000
$1.5M
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN DIABETES MELLITUN01HC095179 · MCMASTER UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2000
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS IAA-Y1-HC-1010NHLBI NIH HHS IAA-Y1-HC-9035NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095178NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095179NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095180NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095181NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095182NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095183NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095184NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95178NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95179NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95180NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95181NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95182NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95183NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95184NHLBI NIH HHS Y01 HC001010NHLBI NIH HHS Y01 HC009035
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveRandomized treatment comparing an intensive glycemic treatment strategy with a standard strategy in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial was ended early because of an unexpected excess of mortality in the intensive arm. As part of ongoing post hoc analyses of potential mechanisms for this finding, we explored whether on-treatment A1C itself had an independent relationship with mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsParticipants with type 2 diabetes (n = 10,251 with mean age 62 years, median duration of diabetes 10 years, and median A1C 8.1%) were randomly assigned to treatment strategies targeting either A1C <6.0% (intensive) or A1C 7.0-7.9% (standard). Data obtained during 3.4 (median) years of follow-up before cessation of intensive treatment were analyzed using several multivariable models.

resultsVarious characteristics of the participants and the study sites at baseline had significant associations with the risk of mortality. Before and after adjustment for these covariates, a higher average on-treatment A1C was a stronger predictor of mortality than the A1C for the last interval of follow-up or the decrease of A1C in the first year. Higher average A1C was associated with greater risk of death. The risk of death with the intensive strategy increased approximately linearly from 6-9% A1C and appeared to be greater with the intensive than with the standard strategy only when average A1C was >7%.

conclusionsThese analyses implicate factors associated with persisting higher A1C levels, rather than low A1C per se, as likely contributors to the increased mortality risk associated with the intensive glycemic treatment strategy in ACCORD.

Indexed as

AgedCause of DeathDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlycated HemoglobinHumansHyperglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisRisk FactorsGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID20427682
PMCPMC2858202

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.