Evidence mapPaperPMID 20519658Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2010

The presence of GAD and IA-2 antibodies in youth with a type 2 diabetes phenotype: results from the TODAY study.

Georgeanna J Klingensmith, Laura Pyle, Silva Arslanian, Kenneth C Copeland, Leona Cuttler, Francine Kaufman, Lori Laffel, Santica Marcovina, Sherida E Tollefsen, Ruth S Weinstock and 2 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00081328. Cited by 75 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00081328 phase3completed

Studies to Treat Or Prevent Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes (STOPP-T2D) Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Clinical Trial

Ran2004Enrolled699Registered outcomes11Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type IIArmsLifestyle Program, Metformin, Rosiglitazone
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 165 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Guideline
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. A clinical trial to maintain glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes.The New England journal of medicine · 2012 · on this map
    Trial
  7. Characteristics of adolescents and youth with recent-onset type 2 diabetes: the TODAY cohort at baseline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2011 · on this map
    Trial
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Latent autoimmune diabetes in youth.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Random C-Peptide and Islet Antibodies at Onset Predict β Cell Function Trajectory and Insulin Dependence in Pediatric Diabetes.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Georgeanna J KlingensmithBarbara Davis Center and the Children's Hospital, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA. georgeanna.klingensmith@ucdenver.edu
Laura Pyle
Silva Arslanian
Kenneth C Copeland
Leona Cuttler
Francine Kaufman
Lori Laffel
Santica Marcovina
Sherida E Tollefsen
Ruth S Weinstock
Barbara Linder
TODAY Study Group
Children's Hospital Colorado · USChildren's Hospital of Pittsburgh · USGeorge Washington University · USJoslin Diabetes Center · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USSaint Louis University · USSUNY Upstate Medical University · USUniversity Hospitals Case Medical Center · USUniversity of Oklahoma · USUniversity of Southern California · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

Statistics Center for Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes TherapyU01DK061230 · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2001 to 2005
$69.5M
ZOPOLRESTAT IN NORMOTENSIVE, TYPE 1 DIA WITH INCIPIENT NEPHROPATHYM01RR000043 · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 1985 to 2005
$43.4M
ZD6416 Analgesic--Painful Distal Symmetrical PolyneuropaM01RR001066 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 1985 to 2005
$26.1M
ZIPRASIDONE IN TOURETTES SYNDROME, OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE &PERVASIVE DEV. DISORDERM01RR000125 · YALE UNIVERSITY · 1985 to 2005
$20.7M
XANAX PET SCAN/IV LACTATE PANIC STUDYM01RR000036 · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 1985 to 2005
$20.4M
ZORVIRAX ORAL SUSPENSION FOR SEVERE CHILDHOOD HERPES VIRUS INFECTIONSM01RR000069 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 1985 to 2005
$15.4M
Trt. of Primary Hyperaldosteronism w/ACE Inhibitors &Angiotension Rec. BlockersM01RR014467 · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · 2001 to 2005
$7.3M
WATER PRECAUTIONS AND TYMPANOSTOMY TUBESM01RR000084 · CHILDREN'S HOSP PITTSBURGH/UPMC HLTH SYS · 1985 to 2005
$5.2M
Management of Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes MellitusU01DK061239 · CHILDRENS HOSPITAL OF PHILADELPHIA · 2001 to 2005
$4.6M
Multi-Center Study of the Treatment of T2DM in YouthU01DK061212 · YALE UNIVERSITY · 2001 to 2005
$3.9M
Type 2 Diabetes in Youth: Beta Cell PreservationU01DK061254 · CHILDREN'S HOSP PITTSBURGH/UPMC HLTH SYS · 2001 to 2005
$3.6M
Treatment Alternatives in Pediatric Type 2 DiabetesU01DK061242 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 2001 to 2005
$3.5M
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000036NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000043NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000069NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000084NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000125NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-00036NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-00043-45NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-00069NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-00084NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR001066NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-00125NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR-01066NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR014467NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR14467NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061212NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061230NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061239NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061242NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061254NIDDK NIH HHS U01-DK-61212NIDDK NIH HHS U01-DK-61230NIDDK NIH HHS U01-DK-61239NIDDK NIH HHS U01-DK-61242NIDDK NIH HHS U01-DK-61254
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the frequency of islet cell autoimmunity in youth clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and describe associated clinical and laboratory findings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsChildren (10-17 years) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were screened for participation in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study. Measurements included GAD-65 and insulinoma-associated protein 2 autoantibodies using the new National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/National Institutes of Health (NIDDK/NIH) standardized assays, a physical examination, and fasting lipid, C-peptide, and A1C determinations.

resultsOf the 1,206 subjects screened and considered clinically to have type 2 diabetes, 118 (9.8%) were antibody positive; of these, 71 (5.9%) were positive for a single antibody, and 47 were positive (3.9%) for both antibodies. Diabetes autoantibody (DAA) positivity was significantly associated with race (P < 0.0001), with positive subjects more likely to be white (40.7 vs. 19%) (P < 0.0001) and male (51.7 vs. 35.7%) (P = 0.0007). BMI, BMI z score, C-peptide, A1C, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and blood pressure were significantly different by antibody status. The antibody-positive subjects were less likely to display characteristics clinically associated with type 2 diabetes and a metabolic syndrome phenotype, although the range for BMI z score, blood pressure, fasting C-peptide, and serum lipids overlapped between antibody-positive and antibody-negative subjects.

conclusionsObese youth with a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes may have evidence of islet autoimmunity contributing to insulin deficiency. As a group, patients with DAA have clinical characteristics significantly different from those without DAA. However, without islet autoantibody analysis, these characteristics cannot reliably distinguish between obese young individuals with type 2 diabetes and those with autoimmune diabetes.

Indexed as

AdolescentAutoantibodiesChildC-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlutamate DecarboxylaseHumansIslets of LangerhansMaleAutoantibodiesC-PeptideGlutamate DecarboxylaseICA512 autoantibody

Identifiers

PMID20519658
PMCPMC2928346
OpenAlexW2148941841

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.