ArticleHuman immunology2011
Interleukin-21 and cellular activation concurrently induce potent cytotoxic function and promote antiviral activity in human CD8 T cells.
Article in Human immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Number of Donor-Specific IL-21 Producing Cells Before and After Transplantation Predicts Kidney Graft Rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Interleukin-21 responses in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2015Trial
- Galectin-9 and IL-21 mediate cross-regulation between Th17 and Treg cells during acute hepatitis C.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Breaking the metabolo-immune cycle in primary biliary cholangitis for therapeutic benefit.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Human innate lymphoid cell activation by adenoviruses is modified by host defense proteins and neutralizing antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- T Cell Roles and Activity in Chronic Sclerosing Sialadenitis as IgG4-Related Disease: Current Concepts in Immunopathogenesis.Autoimmune diseases · 2022Review
- Article
- HIV-1 infection and the lack of viral control are associated with greater expression of interleukin-21 receptor on CD8+ T cells.AIDS (London, England) · 2021Article
- Pre-transplant donor-reactive IL-21 producing T cells as a tool to identify an increased risk for acute rejection.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- The CD8Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
- Interleukin-21 receptor gene polymorphism is associated with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2019Article
- The proportion of different interleukin-17-producing T-cell subsets is associated with liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.Immunology · 2017Article
- Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3: a year in review.Current opinion in hematology · 2016Review
- IL-21 induces antiviral microRNA-29 in CD4 T cells to limit HIV-1 infection.Nature communications · 2015Article
- Elevation of Tim-3 and PD-1 expression on T cells appears early in HIV infection, and differential Tim-3 and PD-1 expression patterns can be induced by common γ -chain cytokines.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Interleukin-21 and T follicular helper cells in HIV infection: research focus and future perspectives.Immunologic research · 2013Review
- Review
- Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutations underlying autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome impair human CD8(+) T-cell memory formation and function.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2013Article
- Attacking the HIV reservoir from the immune and viral perspective.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2013Review
- IL-21 promotes the expansion of CD27+ CD28+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with high cytotoxic potential and low collateral expansion of regulatory T cells.Journal of translational medicine · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 induces a progressive deterioration of the immune system that ultimately leads to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Murine models indicate that the common γ-chain (γ(c))-sharing cytokine interleukin (IL)-21 and its receptor (IL-21R) play a crucial role in maintaining polyfunctional T cell responses during chronic viral infections. Therefore, we analyzed the ability of this cytokine to modulate the properties of human CD8 T cells in comparison with other γ(c)-sharing cytokines (IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15). CD8 T cells from healthy volunteers were stimulated in vitro via T cell receptor signals to mimic the heightened status of immune activation of HIV-infected patients. The administration of IL-21 upregulated cytotoxic effector function and the expression of the costimulatory molecule CD28. Notably, this outcome was not accompanied by increased cellular proliferation or activation. Moreover, IL-21 promoted antiviral activity while not inducing HIV-1 replication in vitro. Thus, IL-21 may be a favorable molecule for immunotherapy and a suitable vaccine adjuvant in HIV-infected individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.