Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2011
Free fatty acids induce insulin resistance in both cardiac and skeletal muscle microvasculature in humans.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 7 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exercise Dose and Metformin for Vascular Health in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome
Effect of Exercise and/or Liraglutide on Vascular Dysfunction and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes ( ZQL007)
Effects of Empagliflozin on Cardiac Microvasculature and Insulin Sensitivity in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Effects of Exercise and GLP-1 Agonism on Muscle Microvascular Perfusion and Insulin Action in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome
The Effect of Type 1 Diabetes on Pan-Arterial Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Humans
Effect of Hyperglycemia on Microvascular Perfusion in Healthy Adults
Effect of Postprandial Hyperglycemia on Vasculature in Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Adults
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion in Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Pooled it
- Impact of Free Fatty Acids on Vascular Insulin Responses Across the Arterial Tree: A Randomized Crossover Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Trial
- Acute hyperglycaemia enhances both vascular endothelial function and cardiac and skeletal muscle microvascular function in healthy humans.The Journal of physiology · 2022Trial
- Vasodilatory Actions of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Are Preserved in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Microvasculature but Not in Conduit Artery in Obese Humans With Vascular Insulin Resistance.Diabetes care · 2020 · on this mapTrial
- Dynamic Changes in Circulating Endocrine FGF19 Subfamily and Fetuin-A in Response to Intralipid and Insulin Infusions in Healthy and PCOS Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Trial
- Differential effects of nebivolol vs. metoprolol on microvascular function in hypertensive humans.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2016Trial
- Cocaine-induced vasoconstriction in the human coronary microcirculation: new evidence from myocardial contrast echocardiography.Circulation · 2013Trial
- Candesartan acutely recruits skeletal and cardiac muscle microvasculature in healthy humans.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2012Trial
- Microvascular perfusion and intramuscular temperature of the calf during cooling.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2012Trial
- Physical Activity Modifies the Association Between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and New-Onset Diabetes in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Whole-bodyEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Metabolic and vascular insulin resistance: partners in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in diabetes.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Review
- Interplay of fatty acids, insulin and exercise in vascular health.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Review
- Markers of Early Liver Dysfunction Associate With Reduced Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.Pediatric diabetes · 2025Article
- Article
- Microvascular Skeletal-Muscle Crosstalk in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Insulin-induced vasoconstriction is prevalent in muscle microvasculature of otherwise healthy persons with type 1 diabetes.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Options.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Is vascular insulin resistance an early step in diet-induced whole-body insulin resistance?Nutrition & diabetes · 2022Review
- Metformin prevents endothelial oxidative stress and microvascular insulin resistance during obesity development in male rats.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextInsulin recruits microvasculature in both cardiac and skeletal muscle, which increases the endothelial exchange surface area. Plasma concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) are elevated in patients with diabetes, which impairs insulin-mediated skeletal muscle microvascular recruitment.
objectiveThe objective of the study was to examine whether elevated FFAs likewise cause insulin resistance in cardiac muscle microvasculature.
settingThe study was conducted at the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Virginia.
methodsTwenty-two healthy, young adults were studied twice in random order after an overnight fast. Each subject received a 5-h systemic infusion of either saline or Intralipid/heparin with a 1 mU/min · kg euglycemic insulin clamp superimposed for the last 2 h. Cardiac and forearm skeletal muscle microvascular blood volume (MBV) and flow velocity were measured and microvascular blood flow (MBF) calculated before and at the end of the insulin infusion.
resultsInsulin significantly increased MBV and MBF in both cardiac (P < 0.0001 for both) and skeletal (P = 0.008 and < 0.03, respectively) muscle. Microvascular flow velocity increased slightly but significantly in the skeletal (P = 0.04) but not in cardiac muscle. Lipid infusion lowered insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal and abolished insulin-mediated increases in MBV and MBF in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. Whole-body insulin sensitivity predicted skeletal but not cardiac muscle microvascular responses to insulin. Insulin even decreased skeletal muscle MBV during lipid infusion in subjects who were moderately sensitive to insulin metabolically.
conclusionsIn conclusion, high plasma concentrations of FFAs cause insulin resistance in cardiac as well as skeletal muscle microvasculature in healthy humans. This may contribute to the association of cardiac complications with metabolic insulin resistance in diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.