Trial reportDiabetes care2011
Blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00032487. Cited by 45 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CSP #465 - Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (VADT)
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Individualizing antihypertensive therapy in diabetes mellitus. Guidelines of the Austrian Diabetes Association (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- [Individualising antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetes. A guideline by the Austrian Diabetes Association (update 2023)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Guideline
- Treatment of Diabetes in Older Adults: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Guideline
- Glucose targets for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- [J curve: when lowering blood pressure becomes a hazard?].Der Internist · 2013Pooled it
- [Antihypertensive therapy in diabetes mellitus - 2012 guidelines of the Austrian Diabetes Association].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2012Guideline
- Effect of canagliflozin on nocturnal home blood pressure in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The SHIFT-J study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2018Trial
- Pulse pressure is not an independent predictor of outcome in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease and anemia--the Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events with Aranesp Therapy (TREAT).Journal of human hypertension · 2016Trial
- Blood pressure and pulse pressure effects on renal outcomes in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).Diabetes care · 2014Trial
- Association of combined waist-to-height ratio and systolic blood pressure categories with incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Adherence to life's essential 8 and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Association of body fat percentage with diabetes in hypertensive adults of different genders: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Risk factors for hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Casablanca-Settat region, Morocco: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- First-line diuretics versus other classes of antihypertensive drugs for hypertension.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Generalizability of heterogeneous treatment effects based on causal forests applied to two randomized clinical trials of intensive glycemic control.Annals of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Effects of Metformin in Heart Failure: From Pathophysiological Rationale to Clinical Evidence.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Interaction of General or Central Obesity and Hypertension on Diabetes: Sex-Specific Differences in a Rural Population in Northeast China.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2021Article
- [Individualising antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetes. A guideline by the Austrian Diabetes Association (Update 2019)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2019Review
- Cohort Study Examining the Association Between Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Observational
- Lower extremity arterial disease in patients with diabetes: a contemporary narrative review.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBlood pressure ranges associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in advanced type 2 diabetes are not clear. Our objective was to determine whether baseline and follow-up (On-Study) systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and SBP combined with DBP predict CVD events in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsParticipants in the VADT (n = 1,791) with hypertension received stepped treatment to maintain blood pressure below the target of 130/80 mmHg in standard and intensive glycemic treatment groups. Blood pressure levels of all subjects at baseline and On-Study were analyzed to detect associations with CVD risk. The primary outcome was the time from randomization to the first occurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, surgery for vascular disease, inoperable coronary disease, amputation for ischemic gangrene, or CVD death.
resultsSeparated SBP ≥140 mmHg had significant risk at baseline (hazards ratio [HR] 1.508, P < 0.001) and On-Study (HR 1.469, P = 0.002). DBP <70 mmHg increased CVD events at baseline (HR 1.482, P < 0.001) and On-Study (HR 1.491, P < 0.001). Combined blood pressure categories indicated high risk for CVD events for SBP ≥140 with DBP <70 mmHg at baseline (HR 1.785, P = 0.03) and On-Study (HR 2.042, P = 0.003) and nearly all SBP with DBP <70 mmHg.
conclusionsIncreased risk of CVD events with SBP ≥140 mmHg emphasizes the urgency for treatment of systolic hypertension. Increased risk with DBP <70 mmHg, even when combined with SBP in guideline-recommended target ranges, supports a new finding in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results emphasize that DBP <70 mmHg in these patients was associated with elevated CVD risk and may best be avoided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.