ArticleCardiology research and practice2011
Does Smoking Act as a Friend or Enemy of Blood Pressure? Let Release Pandora's Box.
Article in Cardiology research and practice, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subjective and Cardiovascular Effects of Intravenous Methamphetamine during Perindopril Maintenance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Human Laboratory Study.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Impact of a Workplace Health Promotion Program on Employees' Blood Pressure in a Public University.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Adolescents and Young Adults: Results From a Nationwide Screening Program.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Association between Passive Smoking and Hypertension: A Panel Study with 621.506 Adults from Brazil.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Factor associated with and risk of cardiovascular disease in people with uncontrolled hypertension.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between the urine tobacco metabolite levels and physical health in Chinese primary school students with secondhand smoke exposure.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The Association Between Smoking Behavior and the Risk of Hypertension: Review of the Observational and Genetic Evidence.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Review
- Pathological mechanisms of cigarette smoking, dietary, and sedentary lifestyle risks in vascular dysfunction: mitochondria as a common target of risk factors.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2023Review
- Risky health behaviours and chronic conditions among aged persons: analysis of SAGE selected countries.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Effect of cigarette smoking on smoking biomarkers, blood pressure and blood lipid levels among Sri Lankan male smokers.Postgraduate medical journal · 2022Article
- Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Coffee as a Panacea? (ANRS CO22 Hepather Cohort).Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The role of smoking cessation programs in lowering blood pressure: A retrospective cohort study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2021Article
- Noncommunicable diseases risk factors in Bhutan: A secondary analysis of data from Bhutan's nationwide STEPS survey 2014.PloS one · 2021Article
- Article
- The Paradox Association between Smoking and Blood Pressure among Half Million Chinese People.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- CHD Risk Minimization through Lifestyle Control: Machine Learning Gateway.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Are Health Behaviors and Self-Rated Health Related to Cardiovascular Health and Functional Performance? Results from the Lookup 7+ Cross-Sectional Survey among Persons Aged 65+.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2020Article
- Relationship between lifestyle pattern and blood pressure - Iranian national survey.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Tobacco smoking induces cardiovascular mitochondrial oxidative stress, promotes endothelial dysfunction, and enhances hypertension.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2019Article
- Anthropometric Measures as Predictive Indicators of Metabolic Risk in a Population of "Holy WeekInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In spite of the great number of observations which show the certainty of cardiovascular damage from smoking, the opinions on that are not yet unanimous. There is a discrepancy that could be attributed to the lack of reproducible data particularly in some epidemiological studies. On the contrary, experimental findings conducted on both animals and humans give evidence of exactly reproducible results of cardiovascular alterations and among these the course of Blood Pressure (BP). Findings identify an increase in BP of active smokers or non-smokers exposed to passive smoking, while a lot of others refer a lowering of BP due to smoking. This discrepancy could be explained as follows. Initially, a vasoconstriction mediated by nicotine causes acute but transient increase in systolic BP. This phase is followed by a decrease in BP as a consequence of depressant effects played chronically by nicotine itself. Simultaneously, carbon monoxide is acting directly on the arterial wall causing, in the long run, structurally irreversible alterations. At this time, there is a change in BP that increases again, and often constantly, its levels following chronic exposure. Changes in response to antihypertensive drugs have been observed in hypertensive smokers since smoking influences metabolic steps of the drugs.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.