Evidence mapPaperPMID 21617108Full record

GuidelineDiabetes care2011

Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus.

David B Sacks, Mark Arnold, George L Bakris, David E Bruns, Andrea Rita Horvath, M Sue Kirkman, Ake Lernmark, Boyd E Metzger, David M Nathan, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readPractice Guideline
In one paragraph

Guideline in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
164citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
29.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

164 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 720 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Article
  10. Strategies for optimization of hypoglycemia rat models.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Improving T2D machine learning-based prediction accuracy with SNPs and younger age.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
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  16. Evaluation of effects from hemoglobin variants on HbAClinical chemistry and laboratory medicine · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
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  19. Article
  20. Article

104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.

David B SacksDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. sacksdb@mail.nih.gov
Mark Arnold
George L Bakris
David E Bruns
Andrea Rita Horvath
M Sue Kirkman
Ake Lernmark
Boyd E Metzger
David M Nathan
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry
Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine Committee of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry
American Diabetes Association · USHarvard University · USNational Institutes of Health · USNorthwestern University · USPrince of Wales Hospital · AUSkåne University Hospital · SEUniversity of Chicago · USUniversity of Iowa · USUniversity of Virginia · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultiple laboratory tests are used to diagnose and manage patients with diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these tests varies substantially. APPROACH: An expert committee compiled evidence-based recommendations for the use of laboratory testing for patients with diabetes. A new system was developed to grade the overall quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations. Draft guidelines were posted on the Internet and presented at the 2007 Arnold O. Beckman Conference. The document was modified in response to oral and written comments, and a revised draft was posted in 2010 and again modified in response to written comments. The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry and the Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine Committee of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry jointly reviewed the guidelines, which were accepted after revisions by the Professional Practice Committee and subsequently approved by the Executive Committee of the American Diabetes Association. CONTENT: In addition to long-standing criteria based on measurement of plasma glucose, diabetes can be diagnosed by demonstrating increased blood hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) concentrations. Monitoring of glycemic control is performed by self-monitoring of plasma or blood glucose with meters and by laboratory analysis of HbA(1c). The potential roles of noninvasive glucose monitoring, genetic testing, and measurement of autoantibodies, urine albumin, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, and other analytes are addressed. SUMMARY: The guidelines provide specific recommendations that are based on published data or derived from expert consensus. Several analytes have minimal clinical value at present, and their measurement is not recommended.

Indexed as

Clinical Laboratory TechniquesBlood GlucoseDiabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glycated HemoglobinHumansBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, human

Identifiers

PMID21617108
PMCPMC3114322
OpenAlexW2022757173

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.