ArticlePLoS pathogens2011
Absence of cross-presenting cells in the salivary gland and viral immune evasion confine cytomegalovirus immune control to effector CD4 T cells.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Leukotriene B4 regulates T cell recognition and control of MCMV in mucosal tissues.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Why Are Cytomegalovirus-Encoded G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Essential for Infection but Only Variably Conserved?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Salivary gland macrophages in health and disease: heterogeneity, niche crosstalk, and therapeutic avenues.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells are required for protection against severe guinea pig cytomegalovirus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Immune surveillance of cytomegalovirus in tissues.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Mucosal T-cell responses to chronic viral infections: Implications for vaccine design.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- The Multifaceted Roles of NK Cells in the Context of Murine Cytomegalovirus and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections.Immune network · 2024Review
- Spatial kinetics and immune control of murine cytomegalovirus infection in the salivary glands.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Indirect CD4Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Tissue-resident memory NK cells: Homing in on local effectors and regulators.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Late-rising CD4 T cells resolve mouse cytomegalovirus persistent replication in the salivary gland.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- IL-27 expression regulation and its effects on adaptive immunity against viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Inhibitory IL-10-producing CD4eLife · 2023Article
- CD4Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Development of a mouse salivary gland-derived mesenchymal cell line for immunological studies of murine cytomegalovirus.PloS one · 2022Article
- CD4 T Cell-Mediated Immune Control of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Murine Salivary Glands.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hematopoietic cell-mediated dissemination of murine cytomegalovirus is regulated by NK cells and immune evasion.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Inhibitory Molecules PD-1, CD73 and CD39 Are Expressed by CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by cytomegaloviruses.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2020Review
- The CD4+ T Cell Response to Human Cytomegalovirus in Healthy and Immunocompromised People.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Horizontal transmission of cytomegaloviruses (CMV) occurs via prolonged excretion from mucosal surfaces. We used murine CMV (MCMV) infection to investigate the mechanisms of immune control in secretory organs. CD4 T cells were crucial to cease MCMV replication in the salivary gland (SG) via direct secretion of IFNγ that initiated antiviral signaling on non-hematopoietic cells. In contrast, CD4 T cell helper functions for CD8 T cells or B cells were dispensable. Despite SG-resident MCMV-specific CD8 T cells being able to produce IFNγ, the absence of MHC class I molecules on infected acinar glandular epithelial cells due to viral immune evasion, and the paucity of cross-presenting antigen presenting cells (APCs) prevented their local activation. Thus, local activation of MCMV-specific T cells is confined to the CD4 subset due to exclusive presentation of MCMV-derived antigens by MHC class II molecules on bystander APCs, resulting in IFNγ secretion interfering with viral replication in cells of non-hematopoietic origin.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.