Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21922259›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of applied physiology2012

Low intensity blood flow restriction training: a meta-analysis.

Jeremy P Loenneke, Jacob M Wilson, Pedro J Marín, Michael C Zourdos, Michael G Bemben

8 registry-linked trialsAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of applied physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 199 papers, 22 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
199citing papers in PubMed, 22 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03055260 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Low Intensity Blood Flow Restriction Training on Lower Extremity Strength and Hypertrophy

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2017 to 2018Enrolled8ConditionsMuscle MassArmsBlood flow restriction cuff, Blood Flow restriction Cuff-Placebo
NCT03087292 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Low Intensity Resistance Training With Vascular Occlusion on Muscle Hypertrophy, Neuromuscular Adaptations and Selected Cardiovascular Parameters in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Medical Centre LjubljanaRan2017 to 2017Enrolled30ConditionsCoronary Disease, Coronary Artery DiseaseArmsResistance training with vascular occlusion
NCT03690700 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

The Feasibility and Effects of Low-load Blood-flow Restricted Exercise Following Spinal Cord Injury

TypeinterventionalSponsorSpinal Cord Injury Centre of Western DenmarkRan2020 to 2024Enrolled28ConditionsSpinal Cord InjuriesArmsBFRE
NCT04448236 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Effects on Muscle Strength After Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise (BFR-RE) in Early In-patient Rehabilitation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Acute Exacerbation (COPDAE), a Single Blinded, Randomized Controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorHospital Authority, Hong KongRan2020 to 2020Enrolled53ConditionsChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Acute Exacerbation of COPDArmsBlood flow restriction resistance exercise
NCT05274542 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Acute Effect of Blood Flow Restricted High-Intensity Resistive Training on Rectus Femoris Muscle Activity, Reaction Time, Muscular Performance, and Fatigue Level

TypeinterventionalSponsorHalic UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled24ConditionsHigh-Intensity Interval Training, Blood Flow Restriction ExerciseArmshigh intensity with blood flow restriction, high intensity without blood flow restriction group
NCT05425238 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise on Strength and Transfer in Lower Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorRiphah International UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled16ConditionsCervical Spinal Cord InjuryArmsBlood flow restriction, Conventional physical therapy
NCT05573321 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Acute Systemic Irisin, Myostatin and Decorin Levels

TypeinterventionalSponsorEge UniversityRan2023 to 2023Enrolled22ConditionsMuscle HypotrophyArmsBFR-RE, HL-RE
NCT07182812 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Sit-to-Stand Exercises on Lumbar Extensor Muscle Endurance, Balance, and Physiological Parameters in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorMehmet Akif GulerRan2025 to 2025Enrolled70ConditionsHealthy Volunteers, Low Back Pain, Postural Balance, Muscle FatigueArmsBlood Flow Restriction Sit-to-Stand Exercise, Sit-to-Stand Exercise without Blood Flow Restriction
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

199 citing papers in PubMed, 22 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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139 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jeremy P LoennekeDepartment of Health and Exercise Science, The University of Oklahoma, 1401 Asp Avenue, Room 104, Norman, OK 73019-0615, USA. jploenneke@ou.edu
Jacob M Wilson
Pedro J Marín
Michael C Zourdos
Michael G Bemben

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The primary objective of this investigation was to quantitatively identify which training variables result in the greatest strength and hypertrophy outcomes with lower body low intensity training with blood flow restriction (LI-BFR). Searches were performed for published studies with certain criteria. First, the primary focus of the study must have compared the effects of low intensity endurance or resistance training alone to low intensity exercise with some form of blood flow restriction. Second, subject populations had to have similar baseline characteristics so that valid outcome measures could be made. Finally, outcome measures had to include at least one measure of muscle hypertrophy. All studies included in the analysis utilized MRI except for two which reported changes via ultrasound. The mean overall effect size (ES) for muscle strength for LI-BFR was 0.58 [95% CI: 0.40, 0.76], and 0.00 [95% CI: -0.18, 0.17] for low intensity training. The mean overall ES for muscle hypertrophy for LI-BFR training was 0.39 [95% CI: 0.35, 0.43], and -0.01 [95% CI: -0.05, 0.03] for low intensity training. Blood flow restriction resulted in significantly greater gains in strength and hypertrophy when performed with resistance training than with walking. In addition, performing LI-BFR 2-3 days per week resulted in the greatest ES compared to 4-5 days per week. Significant correlations were found between ES for strength development and weeks of duration, but not for muscle hypertrophy. This meta-analysis provides insight into the impact of different variables on muscular strength and hypertrophy to LI-BFR training.

Indexed as

Blood Flow VelocityExerciseFemaleHemodynamicsHumansHypertrophyMaleMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthRegional Blood FlowResistance Training

Identifiers

PMID21922259

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 2 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.