Trial reportDiabetes care2011
Improving the estimation of mealtime insulin dose in adults with type 1 diabetes: the Normal Insulin Demand for Dose Adjustment (NIDDA) study.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of carbohydrate counting in the management of adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Estimating insulin demand for protein-containing foods using the food insulin index.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Trial
- Observational
- Coefficient of Variation to Assess the Reproducibility of Meal-Induced Glycemic Responses: Development of a Clustering Algorithm.JMIR diabetes · 2025Article
- The Application of the Food Insulin Index in the Prevention and Management of Insulin Resistance and Diabetes: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2024Article
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- The effect of the modified fat-protein unit algorithm compared with that of carbohydrate counting on postprandial glucose in adults with type-1 diabetes when consuming meals with differing macronutrient compositions: a randomized crossover trial.Nutrition & metabolism · 2023Article
- Impact of Fat Intake on Blood Glucose Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Dietary Aspects to Incorporate in the Creation of a Mobile Image-Based Dietary Assessment Tool to Manage and Improve Diabetes.Nutrients · 2021Review
- The association between food insulin index and odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults: a case-control study.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2021Article
- Late to the Party: Importance of Dietary Fat and Protein in the Intensive Management of Type 1 Diabetes. A Case Report.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2017Article
- Accurate Carbohydrate Counting Is an Important Determinant of Postprandial Glycemia in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes on Insulin Pump Therapy.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Article
- Algorithms to Improve the Prediction of Postprandial Insulinaemia in Response to Common Foods.Nutrients · 2016Article
- Incorrect Insulin Administration: A Problem That Warrants Attention.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2016Article
- The Role of Dietary Protein and Fat in Glycaemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Intensive Diabetes Management.Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
- Article
- Importance of blood glucose meter and carbohydrate estimation accuracy.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2012Article
- Insulin therapy and hypoglycemia.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAlthough carbohydrate counting is routine practice in type 1 diabetes, hyperglycemic episodes are common. A food insulin index (FII) has been developed and validated for predicting the normal insulin demand generated by mixed meals in healthy adults. We sought to compare a novel algorithm on the basis of the FII for estimating mealtime insulin dose with carbohydrate counting in adults with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA total of 28 patients using insulin pump therapy consumed two different breakfast meals of equal energy, glycemic index, fiber, and calculated insulin demand (both FII = 60) but approximately twofold difference in carbohydrate content, in random order on three consecutive mornings. On one occasion, a carbohydrate-counting algorithm was applied to meal A (75 g carbohydrate) for determining bolus insulin dose. On the other two occasions, carbohydrate counting (about half the insulin dose as meal A) and the FII algorithm (same dose as meal A) were applied to meal B (41 g carbohydrate). A real-time continuous glucose monitor was used to assess 3-h postprandial glycemia.
resultsCompared with carbohydrate counting, the FII algorithm significantly decreased glucose incremental area under the curve over 3 h (-52%, P = 0.013) and peak glucose excursion (-41%, P = 0.01) and improved the percentage of time within the normal blood glucose range (4-10 mmol/L) (31%, P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of hypoglycemia.
conclusionsAn insulin algorithm based on physiological insulin demand evoked by foods in healthy subjects may be a useful tool for estimating mealtime insulin dose in patients with type 1 diabetes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.