ReviewCytokine2012
Cytokines in the host response to Candida vaginitis: Identifying a role for non-classical immune mediators, S100 alarmins.
Review in Cytokine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stabilized adaptive states in microbiome-human integrated physiology: reframing health and chronic disease as symbiotic biological states.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Phenotypic and genotypic analysis ofInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Cytokine signalling in vaginal epithelial cells: mechanistic insights into epithelial immunity and inflammatory milieu in vulvovaginal candidiasis.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- Differential Host Gene Expression Associated with Non-Research square · 2026Article
- An IL-1, IL-17, and IL-22 cytokine circuit controls vulvovaginal candidiasis independently of estrogen.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis in rural pregnant populations from Uttar Pradesh, India: species shift, biofilm formation, and resistance trends.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- The human mycobiome: a critical yet understudied component of health and disease.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Review
- Impact of interkingdom microbial interactions in the vaginal tract.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Candidiasis in breast cancer: Tumor progression or not?Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2024Review
- Inflammatory cytokine signalling in vulvovaginal candidiasis: a hot mess driving immunopathology.Oxford open immunology · 2024Review
- Zinc prevents vaginal candidiasis by inhibiting expression of an inflammatory fungal protein.Science translational medicine · 2023Article
- Age-Related Changes in Female Murine Reproductive Mucosa with respect toJournal of immunology research · 2023Article
- A gut-oral microbiome-driven axis controls oropharyngeal candidiasis through retinoic acid.JCI insight · 2022Article
- An Exaggerated Monocyte-Derived Cytokine Response to Candida Hyphae in Patients With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Radiation Exposure Perturbs IL-17RA-Mediated Immunity Leading to Changes in Neutrophil Responses That Increase Susceptibility to Oropharyngeal Candidiasis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Perillaldehyde in Ameliorating Vulvovaginal Candidiasis by Reducing Vaginal Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antiviral lectin Q-Griffithsin suppresses fungal infection in murine models of vaginal candidiasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Antifungal activity of dendritic cell lysosomal proteins against Cryptococcus neoformans.Scientific reports · 2021Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused by Candida albicans, affects a significant number of women during their reproductive years. More than two decades of research have been focused on the mechanisms associated with susceptibility or resistance to symptomatic infection. Adaptive immunity by Th1-type CD4(+) T cells and downstream cytokine responses are considered the predominant host defense mechanisms against mucosal Candida infections. However, numerous clinical and animal studies have indicated no or limited protective role of cells and cytokines of the Th1 or Th2 lineage against vaginal infection. The role for Th17 is only now begun to be investigated in-depth for VVC with results already showing significant controversy. On the other hand, a clinical live-challenge study and an established animal model have shown that a symptomatic condition is intimately associated with the vaginal infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) but with no effect on vaginal fungal burden. Subsequent studies identified S100A8 and S100A9 alarmins as key chemotactic mediators of the acute PMN response. These chemotactic danger signals appear to be secreted by vaginal epithelial cells upon interaction and early adherence of Candida. Thus, instead of a putative immunodeficiency against Candida involving classical immune cells and cytokines of the adaptive response, the pathological inflammation in VVC is now considered a consequence of a non-productive innate response initiated by non-classical immune mediators.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.