ArticleAge (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2013
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and incidence of mild cognitive impairment. The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
Article in Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing Renin-Angiotensin Drugs and Cognition in the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Pooled it
- An evidence-based systematic review of the off-label uses of lisinopril.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- Association between Antihypertensive Drug Use and the Incidence of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.BioMed research international · 2017Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in older adults: a systematic review.Drugs & aging · 2014Pooled it
- The Correlation between Two Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor's Concentrations and Cognition.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Antihypertensive drugs decrease risk of Alzheimer disease: Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study.Neurology · 2013Trial
- Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Cognitive Aging: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Frontiers in drug discovery · 2026Article
- ACE1 does not influence cerebral Aβ degradation or amyloid plaque accumulation in 5XFAD mice.PloS one · 2025Article
- Deciphering mechanisms of action of ACE inhibitors in neurodegeneration usingFrontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Associations between hypertension and cognitive, mood, and behavioral parameters in very old adults: results from the IlSIRENTE study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Mini-review: Angiotensin- converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) and the impact for diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia, cancer, and COVID-19.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
- Possible combined effect of perindopril and Azilsartan in an experimental model of dementia in rats.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2020Article
- Pharmacogenetic analyses of variations of measures of cardiovascular risk in Alzheimer's dementia.The Indian journal of medical research · 2019Article
- The Coming of Age of the Angiotensin Hypothesis in Alzheimer's Disease: Progress Toward Disease Prevention and Treatment?Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2018Review
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Ameliorate Brain Inflammation Associated with Microglial Activation: Possible Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2016Article
- Relationship Between Antihypertensive Medications and Cognitive Impairment: Part I. Review of Human Studies and Clinical Trials.Current hypertension reports · 2016Review
- 'Hearts and minds': association, causation and implication of cognitive impairment in heart failure.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2015Article
- An exploration of the potential mechanisms and translational potential of five medicinal plants for applications in Alzheimer's disease.American journal of neurodegenerative disease · 2013Article
- Effects of centrally acting ACE inhibitors on the rate of cognitive decline in dementia.BMJ open · 2013Article
- Angiotensin II-inhibition: effect on Alzheimer's pathology in the aged triple transgenic mouse.American journal of translational research · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Midlife elevated blood pressure and hypertension contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and overall dementia. We sought to estimate whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) reduced the risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in cognitively normal individuals. In the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging, we evaluated 1,445 cognitively normal individuals treated for hypertension but without congestive heart failure from a population-based sample from eight Italian municipalities with a 3.5-year follow-up. MCI was diagnosed with current clinical criteria. Dementia, AD, and vascular dementia were diagnosed based on DSM-IIIR criteria, NINCDS-ADRDA criteria, and ICD-10 codes. Among 873 hypertension-treated cognitively normal subjects, there was no significant association between continuous exposure to all ACE-Is and risk of incident MCI compared with other antihypertensive drugs [hazard ratio (HR), 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16-1.28]. Captopril exposure alone did not significantly modify the risk of incident MCI (HR, 1.80, 95% CI, 0.39-8.37). However, the enalapril sub-group alone (HR, 0.17, 95% CI, 0.04 -0.84) or combined with the lisinopril sub-group (HR, 0.27, 95% CI, 0.08-0.96), another ACE-I structurally related to enalapril and with similar potency, were associated with a reduced risk of incident MCI. Study duration exposure to ACE-Is as a "class" was not associated with incident MCI in older hypertensive adults. However, within-class differences linked to different chemical structures and/or drug potencies may exist, with a possible effect of the enalapril and lisinopril sub-groups in reducing the risk of incident MCI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.