Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22364136›Full record

ReviewCurrent pharmaceutical design2012

Statins as anti-inflammatory agents in atherogenesis: molecular mechanisms and lessons from the recent clinical trials.

Alexios S Antonopoulos, Marios Margaritis, Regent Lee, Keith Channon, Charalambos Antoniades

Open access · bronzeFull text readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current pharmaceutical design, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 188 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
188citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
30.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

188 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 423 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Statins & risk ofThe Indian journal of medical research · 2019
    Pooled it
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  18. A hierarchical MgFBioactive materials · 2025
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128 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alexios S AntonopoulosDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, West Wing Level 6, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, OX3 9DU, Oxford UK.
Marios Margaritis
Regent Lee
Keith Channon
Charalambos Antoniades
University of Oxford · GB

Funding

British Heart Foundation FS/11/66/28855British Heart Foundation RG/12/5/29576Wellcome Trust 090532
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ample evidence exists in support of the potent anti-inflammatory properties of statins. In cell studies and animal models statins exert beneficial cardiovascular effects. By inhibiting intracellular isoprenoids formation, statins suppress vascular and myocardial inflammation, favorably modulate vascular and myocardial redox state and improve nitric oxide bioavailability. Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that further to their lipid lowering effects, statins are useful in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) due to their anti-inflammatory potential. The landmark JUPITER trial suggested that in subjects without CHD, suppression of low-grade inflammation by statins improves clinical outcome. However, recent trials have failed to document any clinical benefit with statins in high risk groups, such in heart failure or chronic kidney disease patients. In this review, we aim to summarize the existing evidence on statins as an anti-inflammatory agent in atherogenesis. We describe the molecular mechanisms responsible for the antiinflammatory effects of statins, as well as clinical data on the non lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory effects of statins on cardiovascular outcomes. Lastly, the controversy of the recent large randomized clinical trials and the issue of statin withdrawal are also discussed.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsAtherosclerosisHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsInflammationRisk FactorsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID22364136
PMCPMC3394171
OpenAlexW2126372860

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.