ArticlePloS one2012
Palmitate activates autophagy in INS-1E β-cells and in isolated rat and human pancreatic islets.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 89 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Autophagy and metabolic homeostasis: Exploration in obesity‑related metabolic diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Caveolin-1 deficiency improved glucose metabolism via modulation of β-cell autophagy in high-fat diet-fed mice.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Agitation, Alzheimer's disease, and autophagy: mechanistic insights into aging pathways, gut microbiome, and artificial intelligence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Running out the clock: Circadian rhythm dysfunction in cognitive disease.International review of neurobiology · 2026Review
- Beta-cell-specific C3 deficiency exacerbates metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance in obesity.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Autophagy-lysosome pathway in insulin & glucagon homeostasis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Autophagy modulators in type 2 diabetes: A new perspective.Journal of diabetes · 2024Review
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- Glucolipotoxicity Suppressed Autophagy and Insulin Contents in Human Islets, and Attenuation of PERK Activity Enhanced Them in an ATG7-Dependent Manner.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Article
- Regulation of autophagy by perilysosomal calcium: a new player in β-cell lipotoxicity.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
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- Review
- Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cellular Metabolism: A Fundamental Component of Degeneration in the Nervous System.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- β Cell and Autophagy: What Do We Know?Biomolecules · 2023Review
- The Metabolic Basis for Nervous System Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Huntington's Disease.Current neurovascular research · 2023Article
- The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα is implicated in the alteration of β-cell autophagy and survival under diabetogenic conditions.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have investigated the in vitro effects of increased levels of glucose and free fatty acids on autophagy activation in pancreatic beta cells. INS-1E cells and isolated rat and human pancreatic islets were incubated for various times (from 2 to 24 h) at different concentrations of glucose and/or palmitic acid. Then, cell survival was evaluated and autophagy activation was explored by using various biochemical and morphological techniques. In INS-1E cells as well as in rat and human islets, 0.5 and 1.0 mM palmitate markedly increased autophagic vacuole formation, whereas high glucose was ineffective alone and caused little additional change when combined with palmitate. Furthermore, LC3-II immunofluorescence co-localized with that of cathepsin D, a lysosomal marker, showing that the autophagic flux was not hampered in PA-treated cells. These effects were maintained up to 18-24 h incubation and were associated with a significant decline of cell survival correlated with both palmitate concentration and incubation time. Ultrastructural analysis showed that autophagy activation, as evidenced by the occurrence of many autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm of beta cells, was associated with a diffuse and remarkable swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results indicate that among the metabolic alterations typically associated with type 2 diabetes, high free fatty acids levels could play a role in the activation of autophagy in beta cells, through a mechanism that might involve the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.