ArticleNuclear medicine and biology2012
Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation of the norepinephrine transporter ligand [11C]MRB for brown adipose tissue imaging.
Article in Nuclear medicine and biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impaired LC-NE System-A Novel Molecular Mechanism Underlying Health Disparity and Increased Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease Among African Americans.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular Imaging of Brown Adipose Tissue Mass.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2020Review
- PET imaging study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in mice devoid of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE).Journal of biosciences · 2019Article
- Imaging adipose tissue browning using the TSPO-18kDa tracer [Molecular metabolism · 2019Article
- Article
- Noradrenergic Activity in the Human Brain: A Mechanism Supporting the Defense Against Hypoglycemia.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Article
- PET Imaging of Human Brown Adipose Tissue with the TSPO Tracer [Molecular imaging and biology · 2018Article
- Non-invasive methods for the assessment of brown adipose tissue in humans.The Journal of physiology · 2018Review
- Imaging of Brown Adipose Tissue: State of the Art.Radiology · 2016Review
- PreclinicalFrontiers in pharmacology · 2016Review
- Classification of Therapeutic and Experimental Drugs for Brown Adipose Tissue Activation: Potential Treatment Strategies for Diabetes and Obesity.Current diabetes reviews · 2016Review
- Imaging human brown adipose tissue under room temperature conditions with (11)C-MRB, a selective norepinephrine transporter PET ligand.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2015Article
- Synthesis and in silico evaluation of novel compounds for PET-based investigations of the norepinephrine transporter.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Brown fat in humans: consensus points and experimental guidelines.Cell metabolism · 2014Article
- Adrenergic pathway activation enhances brown adipose tissue metabolism: a [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT study in mice.Nuclear medicine and biology · 2014Article
- Extracellular norepinephrine clearance by the norepinephrine transporter is required for skeletal homeostasis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- Targeting presynaptic norepinephrine transporter in brown adipose tissue: a novel imaging approach and potential treatment for diabetes and obesity.Synapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2013Article
- (11)C-meta-hydroxyephedrine PET/CT imaging allows in vivo study of adaptive thermogenesis and white-to-brown fat conversion.Molecular metabolism · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIt has been suggested that brown adipose tissue (BAT) in humans may play a role in energy balance and obesity. We conducted ex vivo and in vivo evaluation using [(11)C]MRB, a highly selective NET (norepinephrine transporter) ligand for BAT imaging at room temperature, which is not achievable with [(18)F]FDG.
methodsPET images of male Sprague-Dawley rats with [(18)F]FDG and [(11)C]MRB were compared. Relative [(18)F]FDG or [(11)C]MRB retention at 20, 40 and 60 min post-injection was quantified on awake rats after exposing to cold (4°C for 4h) or remaining at room temperature. Rats pretreated with unlabeled MRB or nisoxetine 30 min before [(11)C]MRB injection were also assessed. The [(11)C]MRB metabolite profile in BAT was evaluated.
resultsPET imaging demonstrated intense [(11)C]MRB uptake (SUV of 2.9 to 3.3) in the interscapular BAT of both room temperature and cold-exposed rats and this uptake was significantly diminished by pretreatment with unlabeled MRB; in contrast, [(18)F]FDG in BAT was only detected in rats treated with cold. Ex vivo results were concordant with the imaging findings; i.e. the uptake of [(11)C]MRB in BAT was 3 times higher than that of [(18)F]FDG at room temperature (P=0.009), and the significant cold-stimulated uptake in BAT with [(18)F]FDG (10-fold, P=0.001) was not observed with [(11)C]MRB (P=0.082). HPLC analysis revealed 94%-99% of total radioactivity in BAT represented unchanged [(11)C]MRB.
conclusionsOur study demonstrates that BAT could be specifically labeled with [(11)C]MRB at room temperature and under cold conditions, supporting a NET-PET strategy for imaging BAT in humans under basal conditions.
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