ArticleOncoTargets and therapy2012
Suppression of human breast tumors in NOD/SCID mice by CD44 shRNA gene therapy combined with doxorubicin treatment.
Article in OncoTargets and therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review to Clarify the Prognostic Values of CD44 and CD44Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Exploring the Role of CD44 in the Progression and Invasion of Chondrosarcoma.Oncology research · 2026Article
- CD44 Marks Dormant Tumor Cells After HER2 Inhibition in Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Humanized Mice Are Instrumental to the Study ofFrontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Cutaneous metastases of breast cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy correlates with increasing CD44Stem cell investigation · 2018Article
- Article
- The Role of CD44 in Glucose Metabolism in Prostatic Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2016Article
- Low concentrations of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine induce breast cancer stem cell differentiation by triggering tumor suppressor gene expression.OncoTargets and therapy · 2016Article
- Targeting breast cancer stem cells by dendritic cell vaccination in humanized mice with breast tumor: preliminary results.OncoTargets and therapy · 2016Article
- Lentiviral Vector Mediated Claudin1 Silencing Inhibits Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells.Viruses · 2015Article
- Breast cancer stem cells: Multiple capacities in tumor metastasis.Cancer letters · 2014Review
- Normoxic or hypoxic CD44/CD41 a₂ B₁ integrin-positive prostate PC3 cell side fractions and cancer stem cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2014Article
- Doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil resistant hepatic cancer cells demonstrate stem-like properties.Cytotechnology · 2013Article
- Progress and prospects for genetic modification of nonhuman primate models in biomedical research.ILAR journal · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer stem cells with a CD44(+)CD24(-) phenotype are the origin of breast tumors. Strong CD44 expression in this population indicates its important role in maintaining the stem cell phenotype. Previous studies show that CD44 down-regulation causes CD44(+)CD24(-) breast cancer stem cells to differentiate into non-stem cells that are sensitive to antitumor drugs and lose many characteristics of the original cells. In this study, we determined tumor suppression in non-obese severe combined immunodeficiency mice using CD44 shRNA therapy combined with doxorubicin treatment.
methodsTumor-bearing non-obese severe combined immunodeficiency mice were established by injection of CD44(+)CD24(-) cells. To track CD44(+)CD24(-) cells, green fluorescence protein was stably transduced using a lentiviral vector prior to injection into mice. The amount of CD44 shRNA lentiviral vector used for transduction was based on CD44 down-regulation by in vitro CD44 shRNA transduction. Mice were treated with direct injection of CD44 shRNA lentiviral vector into tumors followed by doxorubicin administration after 48 hours. The effect was evaluated by changes in the size and weight of tumors compared with that of the control.
resultsThe combination of CD44 down-regulation and doxorubicin strongly suppressed tumor growth with significant differences in tumor sizes and weights compared with that of CD44 down-regulation or doxorubicin treatment alone. In the combination of CD44 down-regulation and doxorubicin group, the tumor weight was significantly decreased by 4.38-fold compared with that of the control group.
conclusionThese results support a new strategy for breast cancer treatment by combining gene therapy with chemotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.