Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22722451›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2012

Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and inflammation in an obese mouse model of diabetes.

Y-S Lee, M-S Park, J-S Choung, S-S Kim, H-H Oh, C-S Choi, S-Y Ha, Y Kang, Y Kim, H-S Jun

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04122716 (Synergy Effect of the Appetite Hormone GLP-1), which is not on this map. Cited by 172 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
172citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04122716 phase4unknown statusstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Synergy Effect of the Appetite Hormone GLP-1 (LiragluTide) and Exercise on Maintenance of Weight Loss and Health After a Low Calorie Diet - the S-LiTE Randomized Trial

Ran2016Enrolled215Registered outcomes28Posted comparisons0ConditionsObesityArmsExercise, liraglutide
PMID 23186644PMID 26132939PMID 26284720PMID 28049736PMID 30052921PMID 27295427PMID 27633186PMID 25287751PMID 23812094PMID 18663167PMID 23302544PMID 22436841other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

172 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 295 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Impact of DPP-4 Inhibitors on Interleukin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Pooled it
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  9. Observational
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  11. Article
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  13. The Role and Mechanism of Incretins in Gynaecologic Diseases.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026
    Review
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  18. Enhanced Bioactivities of FermentedCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026
    Article
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  20. Review

112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Y-S LeeLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon 406-840, South Korea.
M-S Park
J-S Choung
S-S Kim
H-H Oh
C-S Choi
S-Y Ha
Y Kang
Y Kim
H-S Jun
Gachon University · KRAjou University · KRDeleted InstitutionSeoul National University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisObesity and insulin resistance are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is known to reduce insulin resistance. We investigated whether GLP-1 has anti-inflammatory effects on adipose tissue, including adipocytes and adipose tissue macrophages (ATM).

methodsWe administered a recombinant adenovirus (rAd) producing GLP-1 (rAd-GLP-1) to an ob/ob mouse model of diabetes. We examined insulin sensitivity, body fat mass, the infiltration of ATM and metabolic profiles. We analysed the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, lipogenic genes, and M1 and M2 macrophage-specific genes in adipose tissue by real-time quantitative PCR. We also examined the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in vivo and in vitro.

resultsFat mass, adipocyte size and mRNA expression of lipogenic genes were significantly reduced in adipose tissue of rAd-GLP-1-treated ob/ob mice. Macrophage populations (F4/80(+) and F4/80(+)CD11b(+)CD11c(+) cells), as well as the expression and production of IL-6, TNF-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, were significantly reduced in adipose tissue of rAd-GLP-1-treated ob/ob mice. Expression of M1-specific mRNAs was significantly reduced, but that of M2-specific mRNAs was unchanged in rAd-GLP-1-treated ob/ob mice. NF-κB and JNK activation was significantly reduced in adipose tissue of rAd-GLP-1-treated ob/ob mice. Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation was reduced by the GLP-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ATM. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationWe suggest that GLP-1 reduces macrophage infiltration and directly inhibits inflammatory pathways in adipocytes and ATM, possibly contributing to the improvement of insulin sensitivity.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBody Fat DistributionGene Expression RegulationGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorInflammationInsulin ResistanceMacrophagesMiceMice, ObeseNF-kappa BObesityReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReceptors, GlucagonAnti-Inflammatory AgentsGlp1r protein, mouseGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorNF-kappa BReceptors, Glucagon

Identifiers

PMID22722451
OpenAlexW1993624198

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.