ArticleChemistry & biology2012
Fluorescent saxitoxins for live cell imaging of single voltage-gated sodium ion channels beyond the optical diffraction limit.
Article in Chemistry & biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Saxiphilin is a broad-spectrum toxin sponge for C13-modified saxitoxins.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2026Article
- Saxiphilin is a broad-spectrum toxin sponge for C13-modified saxitoxins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Chemistry and Biology of the Tetrodotoxin Natural Product Family.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Review
- Structural basis for saxitoxin congener binding and neutralization by anuran saxiphilins.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Trifunctional Saxitoxin Conjugates for Covalent Labeling of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2023Article
- Neurotoxin-Derived Optical Probes for Biological and Medical Imaging.Molecular imaging and biology · 2023Review
- Neural network-assisted single-molecule localization microscopy with a weak-affinity protein tag.Biophysical reports · 2023Article
- Natural-product-based fluorescent probes: recent advances and applications.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2023Review
- Definition of a saxitoxin (STX) binding code enables discovery and characterization of the anuran saxiphilin family.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Chemical and Biological Tools for the Study of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Electrogenesis and Nociception.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2022Review
- Super-resolution Microscopy with Single Molecules in Biology and Beyond-Essentials, Current Trends, and Future Challenges.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2020Review
- Article
- Taming unruly chloride channel inhibitors with rational design.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Long-Term Live-Cell STED Nanoscopy of Primary and Cultured Cells with the Plasma Membrane HIDE Probe DiI-SiR.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2017Article
- Mutant cycle analysis with modified saxitoxins reveals specific interactions critical to attaining high-affinity inhibition of hNaV1.7.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- The hitchhiker's guide to the voltage-gated sodium channel galaxy.The Journal of general physiology · 2016Review
- Dark dyes-bright complexes: fluorogenic protein labeling.Current opinion in chemical biology · 2015Review
- Syntheses of Cyclic Guanidine-Containing Natural Products.Tetrahedron · 2015Article
- From foe to friend: using animal toxins to investigate ion channel function.Journal of molecular biology · 2015Review
- Single-molecule spectroscopy and imaging over the decades.Faraday discussions · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A desire to better understand the role of voltage-gated sodium channels (Na(V)s) in signal conduction and their dysregulation in specific disease states motivates the development of high precision tools for their study. Nature has evolved a collection of small molecule agents, including the shellfish poison (+)-saxitoxin, that bind to the extracellular pore of select Na(V) isoforms. As described in this report, de novo chemical synthesis has enabled the preparation of fluorescently labeled derivatives of (+)-saxitoxin, STX-Cy5, and STX-DCDHF, which display reversible binding to Na(V)s in live cells. Electrophysiology and confocal fluorescence microscopy studies confirm that these STX-based dyes function as potent and selective Na(V) labels. The utility of these probes is underscored in single-molecule and super-resolution imaging experiments, which reveal Na(V) distributions well beyond the optical diffraction limit in subcellular features such as neuritic spines and filopodia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.