Trial reportDiabetes2012
Evidence that hyperglycemia after recovery from hypoglycemia worsens endothelial function and increases oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy control subjects and subjects with type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes Is Accompanied by an Impairment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- Is intensive glucose control bad for critically ill patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of biological sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Cardiac implications of hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes - a systematic review.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2013Pooled it
- A novel glucose beta-hydroxybutyrate combination improves hypoglycaemia recovery and patient-reported outcomes in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
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- Vitamin C further improves the protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 on acute hypoglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes care · 2013 · on this mapTrial
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 reduces endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress induced by both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes care · 2013 · on this mapTrial
- Vitamin C further improves the protective effect of GLP-1 on the ischemia-reperfusion-like effect induced by hyperglycemia post-hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2013Trial
- Mechanism-Informed Pharmacotherapy Optimization and Deprescribing: A Redox-Mitochondrial Framework.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Type 1 diabetes and cardiovascular medicine.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Review
- Hippocampal Lipocalin-2 in T2DM Associated Neurodegeneration: A Therapeutic Perspective.Neurochemical research · 2026Review
- Recurrent hypoglycaemia promotes cardiomyopathy and cardiac vulnerability in a rodent model of type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Low serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol is associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes: A real-world cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Association between glycemic variability in patients with traumatic lung injury and risk of in-hospital death: a retrospective analysis based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway by Sulforaphane Improves Hypoglycaemia-Induced Cognitive Impairment in a Rodent Model of Type 1 Diabetes.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor: mechanisms and advances in therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024 · on this mapReview
- Nasal Glucagon Reverses Insulin-induced Hypoglycemia With Less Rebound Hyperglycemia: Pooled Analysis of Clinical Trials.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Glycemic variability: Measurement, target, impact on complications of diabetes and does it really matter?Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Currently there is debate on whether hypoglycemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, but little attention has been paid to the effects of recovery from hypoglycemia. In normal control individuals and in people with type 1 diabetes, recovery from a 2-h induced hypoglycemia was obtained by reaching normoglycemia or hyperglycemia for another 2 h and then maintaining normal glycemia for the following 6 h. Hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia was also repeated with the concomitant infusion of vitamin C. Recovery with normoglycemia is accompanied by a significant improvement in endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which are affected by hypoglycemia; however, a period of hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia worsens all of these parameters, an effect that persists even after the additional 6 h of normoglycemia. This effect is partially counterbalanced when hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia is accompanied by the simultaneous infusion of vitamin C, suggesting that when hyperglycemia follows hypoglycemia, an ischemia-reperfusion-like effect is produced. This study shows that the way in which recovery from hypoglycemia takes place in people with type 1 diabetes could play an important role in favoring the appearance of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation, widely recognized cardiovascular risk factors.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.