ArticleDiabetes care2013
Influence of type 2 diabetes on brain volumes and changes in brain volumes: results from the Women's Health Initiative Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies.
Article in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Brain Atrophy: A Meta-Analysis.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022Pooled it
- Brain and White Matter Hyperintensity Volumes After 10 Years of Random Assignment to Lifestyle Intervention.Diabetes care · 2016Trial
- Impact of Type 2 Diabetes and Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy on Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Older Women.Diabetes care · 2015Trial
- Long-term impact of behavioral weight loss intervention on cognitive function.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2014Trial
- Independent, but not synergistic, associations ofJournal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology · 2026Article
- Diabetes, hyperglycemia, and brain MRI biomarkers: results from SOL-INCA MRI study.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Article
- Association of genetic scores related to insulin resistance with neurological outcomes in ancestrally diverse cohorts from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.Communications biology · 2025Article
- A review of brain research on T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Review
- Following changes in brain structure and function with multimodal MRI in a year-long prospective study on the development of Type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in radiology · 2025Article
- Association of carotid atherosclerosis with brain tissue integrity and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Acceleration of Brain Atrophy and Progression From Normal Cognition to Mild Cognitive Impairment.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Mechanistic Insights and Potential Therapeutic Implications of NRF2 in Diabetic Encephalopathy.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Understanding the relationship between type-2 diabetes, MRI markers of neurodegeneration and small vessel disease, and dementia risk: a mediation analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Large-scale functional network connectivity mediates the associations between lipids metabolism and cognition in type 2 diabetes.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Sex Difference in Cigarette-Smoking Status and Its Association with Brain Volumes Using Large-Scale Community-Representative Data.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Association of prediabetes with reduced brain volume in a general elderly Japanese population.European radiology · 2023Article
- Potential Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Lifestyle Changes Reduced Estimated White Matter Hyperintensities Based on Retinal Image Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Alterations of spontaneous brain activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus without mild cognitive impairment: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Association between anxiety and metabolic syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo study how type 2 diabetes adversely affects brain volumes, changes in volume, and cognitive function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsRegional brain volumes and ischemic lesion volumes in 1,366 women, aged 72-89 years, were measured with structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Repeat scans were collected an average of 4.7 years later in 698 women. Cross-sectional differences and changes with time between women with and without diabetes were compared. Relationships that cognitive function test scores had with these measures and diabetes were examined.
resultsThe 145 women with diabetes (10.6%) at the first MRI had smaller total brain volumes (0.6% less; P = 0.05) and smaller gray matter volumes (1.5% less; P = 0.01) but not white matter volumes, both overall and within major lobes. They also had larger ischemic lesion volumes (21.8% greater; P = 0.02), both overall and in gray matter (27.5% greater; P = 0.06), in white matter (18.8% greater; P = 0.02), and across major lobes. Overall, women with diabetes had slightly (nonsignificant) greater loss of total brain volumes (3.02 cc; P = 0.11) and significant increases in total ischemic lesion volumes (9.7% more; P = 0.05) with time relative to those without diabetes. Diabetes was associated with lower scores in global cognitive function and its subdomains. These relative deficits were only partially accounted for by brain volumes and risk factors for cognitive deficits.
conclusionsDiabetes is associated with smaller brain volumes in gray but not white matter and increasing ischemic lesion volumes throughout the brain. These markers are associated with but do not fully account for diabetes-related deficits in cognitive function.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.