Evidence mapPaperPMID 22981553Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2012

Adolescence risk factors are predictive of coronary artery calcification at middle age: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Olli Hartiala, Costan G Magnussen, Sami Kajander, Juhani Knuuti, Heikki Ukkonen, Antti Saraste, Irina Rinta-Kiikka, Sakari Kainulainen, Mika Kähönen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07401017 (The Effects of Rosuvastatin on Physiological Adaptation and Safety During Regular Long-Distance Running Training), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
9.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07401017 nanot yet recruitingstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

The Effects of Rosuvastatin on Physiological Adaptation and Safety During Regular Long-Distance Running Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ran2026Enrolled40Registered outcomes7Posted comparisons0ConditionsDyslipidemia, Endurance Training, Long-Distance Running, Statin-Associated Muscle SymptomsArmsRosuvastatin
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Cumulative childhood adversity and adult cardiometabolic disease: A meta-analysis.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2018
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Prevention of atherosclerosis from childhood.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Subclinical cardiovascular disease and utility of coronary artery calcium score.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2021
    Review
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Olli HartialaResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, and Turku PET Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. olli.hartiala@utu.fi
Costan G Magnussen
Sami Kajander
Juhani Knuuti
Heikki Ukkonen
Antti Saraste
Irina Rinta-Kiikka
Sakari Kainulainen
Mika Kähönen
Nina Hutri-Kähönen
Tomi Laitinen
Terho Lehtimäki
Jorma S A Viikari
Jaakko Hartiala
Markus Juonala
Olli T Raitakari
University of Turku · FITampere University Hospital · FITurku University Hospital · FIUniversity of Eastern Finland · FIKuopio University Hospital · FIUniversity of Tasmania · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the roles of adolescence risk factors in predicting coronary artery calcium (CAC).

backgroundElevated coronary heart disease risk factor levels in adolescence may predict subsequent CAC independently of change in risk factor levels from adolescence to adulthood.

methodsCAC was assessed in 589 subjects 40 to 46 years of age from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Risk factor levels were measured in 1980 (12 to 18 years) and in 2007.

resultsThe prevalence of any CAC was 19.2% (27.9% in men and 12.2% in women). Age, levels of systolic blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in adolescence, as well as systolic BP, total cholesterol, diastolic BP, and pack-years of smoking in adulthood were higher among subjects with CAC than those without CAC. Adolescence LDL-C and systolic BP levels predicted CAC in adulthood independently of 27-year changes in these risk factors. The multivariable odds ratios were 1.34 (95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.70; p=0.02) and 1.38 (95% confidence interval: 1.08 to 1.77; p=0.01), for 1-SD increase in adolescence LDL-C and systolic BP, respectively. Exposure to both of these risk factors in adolescence (defined as values at or above the age- and sex-specific 75th percentile) substantially increased the risk of CAC (multivariable odds ratio: 3.5 [95% confidence interval: 1.7 to 7.2; p=0.007]) between groups with no versus both risk factors.

conclusionsElevated adolescence LDL-C and systolic BP levels are independent predictors of adulthood CAC, indicating that adolescence risk factor levels play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAge FactorsCalcinosisChildChild, PreschoolCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VesselsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFinlandFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID22981553
OpenAlexW1603948948

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.