ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2013
Role of the blood-brain barrier in the formation of brain metastases.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 207 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhanced brain delivery of oleanolic acid by GSH-PEGylated liposomes and its amelioration of scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction via multi-target regulation.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Human brain pericytes protect the blood-brain barrier from triple-negative breast cancer cells while promoting tumor aggressiveness.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2026Article
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- Unraveling the Enigma of Melanoma Brain Metastasis: New Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Individualized prediction of brain metastasis risk in patients with breast cancer.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Breast cancer brain metastasis: from molecular insights to therapeutic innovation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Brain neurovascular unit in response to intra- and extra-central nervous system cancers: implications, mechanisms, and challenges.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- The canine blood-brain barrier in health and disease: focus on brain protection.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Review
- Reelin-LRP8 signaling mediates brain dissemination of breast cancer cells via abluminal migration.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Blood-brain barrier alterations as an initiator of brain metastasis from lung cancer: a new take on an old story.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Review
- Induction of cancer stem cells from mouse fibroblasts.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles: the "Trojan Horse" within breast cancer host microenvironments.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy in Brain Tumors-An Unexplored Frontier.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Brain Metastasis.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Review
- Osimertinib-chemotherapy synergy inTranslational cancer research · 2025Article
- Bilateral Optic Disc Edema as the Presenting Sign of Brain Metastasis in Ovarian Carcinoma: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Molecular Underpinnings of Brain Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Regulation of metastatic organotropism.Trends in cancer · 2025Review
- Drug Treatment Direction Based on the Molecular Mechanism of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The majority of brain metastases originate from lung cancer, breast cancer and malignant melanoma. In order to reach the brain, parenchyma metastatic cells have to transmigrate through the endothelial cell layer of brain capillaries, which forms the morphological basis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB has a dual role in brain metastasis formation: it forms a tight barrier protecting the central nervous system from entering cancer cells, but it is also actively involved in protecting metastatic cells during extravasation and proliferation in the brain. The mechanisms of interaction of cancer cells and cerebral endothelial cells are largely uncharacterized. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on our current knowledge about the role of junctional and adhesion molecules, soluble factors, proteolytic enzymes and signaling pathways mediating the attachment of tumor cells to brain endothelial cells and the transendothelial migration of metastatic cells. Since brain metastases represent a great therapeutic challenge, it is indispensable to understand the mechanisms of the interaction of tumor cells with the BBB in order to find targets of prevention of brain metastasis formation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.