ReviewImmunity2013
Interleukin-2 at the crossroads of effector responses, tolerance, and immunotherapy.
Review in Immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 589 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
589 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,065 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Zataria multiflora supplementation on pro- or anti-inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Bilirubin metabolism in early life and respiratory health during preschool age: A combined analysis of two independent birth cohorts.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy, safety and the lymphocyte subsets changes of low-dose IL-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of low-dose interleukin 2 for Behçet's syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Murine IL-2 outperforms human IL-2 in supporting the survival of naïve mouse CD8 T cells in vitro.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Soluble cytokine receptor levels in obstructive sleep apnea patients treated with continuous positive airway pressure therapy.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Arming oncolytic Coxsackievirus B3 with Neoleukin-2/15 enhances growth inhibition of colorectal carcinomas and induces T cell activation.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cell induction strategies and applications in the treatment of immune and non-immune diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Two-Photon-Activatable Metal Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Engineered probioticScience advances · 2026Article
- Kindlin-3 sustains cytokine interleukin-2 signaling by linking its receptor to integrin LFA-1.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Soluble PD-L1-secreting umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells transiently attenuate established xenogeneic T cell activation in vivo.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mesoporous polydopamine nanoplatform enhances IL-2 immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma via mild photothermal therapy and lactate regulation.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of feeding diets without mineral P supplement on the immune system of two laying hen strains.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Defective inducible T cell costimulator signalling drives neuropilin-1Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Rewiring STAT signaling from the cell surface with Trikine immunotherapeutics.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Modulating Th17/Treg Balance in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Insights from Natural Compounds and Immunometabolism.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Natural and Engineered Cytokines as Cancer Therapeutics.Annual review of cancer biology · 2026Article
- Are we there yet? The road to faster and more efficient CAR T cell manufacturing.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
529 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced after antigen activation that plays pivotal roles in the immune response. Discovered as a T cell growth factor, IL-2 additionally promotes CD8(+) T cell and natural killer cell cytolytic activity and modulates T cell differentiation programs in response to antigen, promoting naïve CD4(+) T cell differentiation into T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) cells while inhibiting T helper 17 (Th17) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation. Moreover, IL-2 is essential for the development and maintenance of T regulatory cells and for activation-induced cell death, thereby mediating tolerance and limiting inappropriate immune reactions. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and complex cellular actions of IL-2, its cooperative and opposing effects with other cytokines, and how both promoting and blocking the actions of IL-2 are being utilized in clinical medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.