Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23457535›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2013

Biomarkers and bacterial pneumonia risk in patients with treated HIV infection: a case-control study.

Sonja M Bjerk, Jason V Baker, Sean Emery, Jacqueline Neuhaus, Brian Angus, Fred M Gordin, Sarah L Pett, Christoph Stephan, Ken M Kunisaki, INSIGHT SMART Study Group

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. HIV and aging: emerging research issues.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2014
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.

Sonja M BjerkDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
Jason V Baker
Sean Emery
Jacqueline Neuhaus
Brian Angus
Fred M Gordin
Sarah L Pett
Christoph Stephan
Ken M Kunisaki
INSIGHT SMART Study Group
University of Minnesota · USGeorge Washington University · USGoethe University Frankfurt · DEHennepin County Medical Center · USMinneapolis VA Health Care System · USSt Vincent's Hospital · AUUniversity of Oxford · GBUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

COMMUNITY PROGRAMS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH ON AIDSU01AI046362 · SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS, INC. · 2000 to 2005
$68.0M
TERRY BEIRN COMMUNITY PROGRAMS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH ONU01AI042170 · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · 1997 to 2005
$21.4M
Scholar Development Clinical Research (RMI)K12RR023247 · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · 2005 to 2005
$1.5M
Medical Research Council MC_U122886352Medical Research Council MC_UU_12023/16NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000114NCRR NIH HHS K12 RR023247NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI042170NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI046362NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI068641NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068641
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite advances in HIV treatment, bacterial pneumonia continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV infection. Studies of biomarker associations with bacterial pneumonia risk in treated HIV-infected patients do not currently exist.

methodsWe performed a nested, matched, case-control study among participants randomized to continuous combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy trial. Patients who developed bacterial pneumonia (cases) and patients without bacterial pneumonia (controls) were matched 1∶1 on clinical center, smoking status, age, and baseline cART use. Baseline levels of Club Cell Secretory Protein 16 (CC16), Surfactant Protein D (SP-D), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and d-dimer were compared between cases and controls.

resultsCases (n = 72) and controls (n = 72) were 25.7% female, 51.4% black, 65.3% current smokers, 9.7% diabetic, 36.1% co-infected with Hepatitis B/C, and 75.0% were on cART at baseline. Median (IQR) age was 45 (41, 51) years with CD4+ count of 553 (436, 690) cells/mm(3). Baseline CC16 and SP-D were similar between cases and controls, but hsCRP was significantly higher in cases than controls (2.94 µg/mL in cases vs. 1.93 µg/mL in controls; p = 0.02). IL-6 and d-dimer levels were also higher in cases compared to controls, though differences were not statistically significant (p-value 0.06 and 0.10, respectively).

conclusionsIn patients with cART-treated HIV infection, higher levels of systemic inflammatory markers were associated with increased bacterial pneumonia risk, while two pulmonary-specific inflammatory biomarkers, CC16 and SP-D, were not associated with bacterial pneumonia risk.

Indexed as

AdultAnti-HIV AgentsBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesC-Reactive ProteinFemaleFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation ProductsHIV InfectionsHumansInterleukin-6LungMaleMiddle AgedPneumonia, BacterialPulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein DRisk FactorsAnti-HIV AgentsBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Productsfibrin fragment DInterleukin-6Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein DSCGB1A1 protein, humanUteroglobin

Identifiers

PMID23457535
PMCPMC3574140
OpenAlexW2130785142

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.