Trial reportDiabetes care2013
Effects of a single bout of interval hypoxia on cardiorespiratory control and blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Altitude-dependent Effects of Concentric and Eccentric Exercise on Glucose Metabolism in Pre-diabetic Men
Desferal Administration to Improve the Impaired Reaction to Hypoxia in Diabetes
Effect of Rebreathing-induced Hypoxia on the Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of hypoxia exposure on glucose homeostasis in metabolically compromised humans: A systematic review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Blood glucose concentration is unchanged during exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia in healthy humans.Physiological reports · 2021Trial
- Heart rate and blood pressure responses during hypoxic cycles of a 3-week intermittent hypoxia breathing program in patients at risk for or with mild COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2015Trial
- Rebreathing-induced hypoxemia improves glucose tolerance in adults with type 2 diabetes.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Individualized Algorithm-Based Intermittent Hypoxia Improves Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from Long-Term Sequelae After COVID-19 Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The role of tissue oxygenation in obesity-related cardiometabolic complications.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- The Role of Insulin Within the Socio-Psycho-Biological Framework in Type 2 Diabetes-A Perspective from Psychoneuroimmunology.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Impaired erythropoietin response to hypoxia in type 2 diabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2024Article
- Intermittent hypoxia: a call for harmonization in terminology.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Intermittent Hypoxia Conditioning: A Potential Multi-Organ Protective Therapeutic Strategy.International journal of medical sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Multiple N-of-1 trials to investigate hypoxia therapy in Parkinson's disease: study rationale and protocol.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with hypoxemia after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: an observational study.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2022Observational
- Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Exposures Effects in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: Correction of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Profile.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Intermittent hypoxia conditioning as a potential prevention and treatment strategy for ischemic stroke: Current evidence and future directions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Look to the stars-Is there anything that public health and rehabilitation can learn from elite sports?Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Review
- Influence of acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure prior to aerobic exercise on cardiovascular risk factors in geriatric patients-a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Exercise intervention under hypoxic condition as a new therapeutic paradigm for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review.World journal of diabetes · 2021Review
- The Effects of Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Exposures on Lipid Profile and Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Diabetes increases the risk of COVID-19 in an altitude dependent manner: An analysis of 1,280,806 Mexican patients.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHypoxia may cause functional autonomic imbalance in diabetes. Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a technique improving the adaptation to hypoxia, might improve cardiorespiratory reflexes and, ultimately, blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. We tested whether a single bout of IH could initiate a long-lasting response potentially leading to better adaptation to hypoxia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsIn 14 patients with type 2 diabetes without autonomic complications, we measured blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, chemoreflex (hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses, ventilatory recruitment threshold), and baroreflex sensitivity before, immediately after, and 3 and 6 h after a 1-h single bout of IH (6-min breathing of 13% oxygen mixture 5 times each separated by 6-min recovery). The measurements were repeated on a placebo day (at least 1 week apart, in random sequence) when subjects were only breathing room air (single-blind protocol).
resultsIH significantly increased hypercapnic ventilatory responses and reduced ventilatory recruitment threshold, and increased oxygen saturation and blood pressures, whereas increases in heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were not significant. Blood glucose significantly decreased after IH. No such changes were observed during the placebo day, except an increase in oxygen saturation. Some of the effects lasted 3 h after IH, and some even persisted until 6 h after IH.
conclusionsA single bout of IH induced an initial adaptation to hypoxia, with improvement in cardiorespiratory reflexes and reduction in blood glucose. Patients with type 2 diabetes could potentially benefit from the application of a full (>2 weeks) IH intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.