Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23591120›Full record

Trial reportThe British journal of nutrition2013

The effect of intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction v. daily energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers in overweight women.

Michelle Harvie, Claire Wright, Mary Pegington, Debbie McMullan, Ellen Mitchell, Bronwen Martin, Roy G Cutler, Gareth Evans, Sigrid Whiteside, Stuart Maudsley and 6 more

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The British journal of nutrition, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 220 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
220citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02606669 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Intermittent Energy Restriction Using Meal Replacements in Overweight Chinese Subjects: a Pilot Randomized Control Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorKhoo Teck Puat HospitalRan2015 to 2017Enrolled19ConditionsObesity, FastingArmsMeal Replacement
NCT02679989 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

A Randomised Controlled Trial Assessing The Impact Of An Intermittent Energy Restricted Diet On Weight Loss, Insulin Sensitivity and Heart Rate Variability In Men and Women With Central Obesity

TypeinterventionalSponsorKing's College LondonRan2016 to 2016Enrolled42ConditionsObesity, AbdominalArmsIntermittent Energy Restriction, Continuous Energy Restriction
NCT03639350 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Obesity, Body Fat Distribution, and Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of HawaiiRan2016 to 2018Enrolled60ConditionsVisceral FatArmsIER+MED group, DASH group
NCT03940482 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Time Restricted Eating As Treatment (TREAT) for Diabetes Mellitus: A Pre-Post 12 Week Study on the Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting in Asians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

TypeinterventionalSponsorSingapore General HospitalRan2019 to 2023Enrolled50ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsTime Restricted Eating As Treatment (TREAT) for Diabetes.
NCT04526847 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting Compared to Continuous Energy Restriction on Body Weight Loss Among Overweight/Obese Adults: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorArmed Police Force Hospital, NepalRan2023 to 2023Enrolled112ConditionsOverweight and ObesityArmsIntermittent energy restriction (IER) : 5:2 diet pattern, Continuous energy restricted (CER) group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

220 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  13. Intermittent fasting for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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160 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Michelle HarvieGenesis Breast Cancer Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
Claire Wright
Mary Pegington
Debbie McMullan
Ellen Mitchell
Bronwen Martin
Roy G Cutler
Gareth Evans
Sigrid Whiteside
Stuart Maudsley
Simonetta Camandola
Rui Wang
Olga D Carlson
Josephine M Egan
Mark P Mattson
Anthony Howell

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AG999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intermittent energy restriction may result in greater improvements in insulin sensitivity and weight control than daily energy restriction (DER). We tested two intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction (IECR) regimens, including one which allowed ad libitum protein and fat (IECR+PF). Overweight women (n 115) aged 20 and 69 years with a family history of breast cancer were randomised to an overall 25 % energy restriction, either as an IECR (2500-2717 kJ/d, < 40 g carbohydrate/d for 2 d/week) or a 25 % DER (approximately 6000 kJ/d for 7 d/week) or an IECR+PF for a 3-month weight-loss period and 1 month of weight maintenance (IECR or IECR+PF for 1 d/week). Insulin resistance reduced with the IECR diets (mean - 0·34 (95% CI - 0·66, - 0·02) units) and the IECR+PF diet (mean - 0·38 (95% CI - 0·75, - 0·01) units). Reductions with the IECR diets were significantly greater compared with the DER diet (mean 0·2 (95% CI - 0·19, 0·66) μU/unit, P= 0·02). Both IECR groups had greater reductions in body fat compared with the DER group (IECR: mean - 3·7 (95% CI - 2·5, - 4·9) kg, P= 0·007; IECR+PF: mean - 3·7 (95% CI - 2·8, - 4·7) kg, P= 0·019; DER: mean - 2·0 (95% CI - 1·0, 3·0) kg). During the weight maintenance phase, 1 d of IECR or IECR+PF per week maintained the reductions in insulin resistance and weight. In the short term, IECR is superior to DER with respect to improved insulin sensitivity and body fat reduction. Longer-term studies into the safety and effectiveness of IECR diets are warranted.

Indexed as

Diet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedDiet, ReducingAdipose TissueAdiposityAdultAgedBody WeightBreast NeoplasmsDietary CarbohydratesEnergy IntakeFamily HealthFemaleHomeostasisHumansInsulin ResistanceMetabolic DiseasesDietary Carbohydrates

Identifiers

PMID23591120
PMCPMC5857384

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.