Trial reportDiabetes2013
Very low-calorie diet mimics the early beneficial effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on insulin sensitivity and β-cell Function in type 2 diabetic patients.
Trial report in Diabetes, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 127 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Medically Reproducing Bariatric Surgery
The Medically Reproducing Bariatric Surgery (MRB) II Study: SEMAGLUTIDE Followed by OPTIFAST in Veterans With Type 2 Diabetes
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 265 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of Intermittent or Continuous Very Low-Energy Diets in Overweight and Obese Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Pooled it
- Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in the management of metabolic diseases: systematic review and consensus statement from the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Pooled it
- The effect of metabolic surgery on type 1 diabetes: meta-analysis.Archives of endocrinology and metabolismPooled it
- Antihypertensive medication needs and blood pressure control with weight loss in the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT).Diabetologia · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Individualized Meal Replacement Therapy Improves Clinically Relevant Long-Term Glycemic Control in Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Feasibility of a brief, intensive weight loss intervention to improve reproductive outcomes in obese, subfertile women: a pilot study.Fertility and sterility · 2016Trial
- Improvements in glycemic control after gastric bypass occur despite persistent adipose tissue inflammation.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2016Trial
- Effects of RYGB on energy expenditure, appetite and glycaemic control: a randomized controlled clinical trial.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2016Trial
- Six and 12 Weeks of Caloric Restriction Increases β Cell Function and Lowers Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Concentrations in People with Type 2 Diabetes.The Journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- Glycemic Normalization Immediately Following Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes From the STDiabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Sirtuins as Molecular Mediators of Caloric Restriction in the Pancreas: Implications for β-Cell Function, Metabolism, and Longevity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Greater Concentrations of IGF Binding Protein-2 after Bariatric Surgery Compared with Diet.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- 8. Obesity and Weight Management for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Association between plasma proteomic dynamic changes and metabolic outcomes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Calorie Restriction for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- 8. Obesity and Weight Management for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Marked improvement in glycemic control occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus shortly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and before there is major weight loss. The objective of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of this change is primarily due to caloric restriction or is unique to the surgical procedure. We studied eleven subjects who underwent RYGB and fourteen subjects mean-matched for BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes duration who were admitted to our inpatient research unit and given a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) of 500 kcal/day with a macronutrient content similar to that consumed by patients after RYGB. Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after interventions. Both groups lost an equivalent amount of weight over a mean study period of 21 days. Insulin sensitivity, acute insulin secretion after intravenous glucose administration, and β-cell function as determined by disposition index improved to a similar extent in both groups. Likewise, changes in fasting glucose and fructosamine levels were similar. Based on these data, VLCD improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell function just as well as RYGB in the short term.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.