Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23735724›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2013

Intensive structured self-monitoring of blood glucose and glycemic control in noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes: the PRISMA randomized trial.

Emanuele Bosi, Marina Scavini, Antonio Ceriello, Domenico Cucinotta, Antonio Tiengo, Raffaele Marino, Erminio Bonizzoni, Francesco Giorgino, PRISMA Study Group

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03196895 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Treating Type 2 Diabetes by Reducing Postprandial Glucose Elevations: A Paradigm Shift in Lifestyle Modification

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of VirginiaRan2017 to 2020Enrolled192ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsWeight reduction training, PPG training, discrete BG feedback, continuous BG feedback
NCT03207893 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Benefits of Adding Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Glycemic Load, Exercise, and Monitoring of Blood Glucose (GEM) for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes - Phase 2

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of VirginiaRan2018 to 2020Enrolled24ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsGEM lifestyle modification & continuous glucose monitoring, Routine Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  15. Blood Glucose Monitoring Expert Group and Best Practice Recommendation-FITTER BiG.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Emanuele BosiCorresponding authors: Emanuele Bosi, bosi.emanuele@hsr.it.
Marina Scavini
Antonio Ceriello
Domenico Cucinotta
Antonio Tiengo
Raffaele Marino
Erminio Bonizzoni
Francesco Giorgino
PRISMA Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe aimed to evaluate the added value of intensive self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), structured in timing and frequency, in noninsulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThe 12-month, randomized, clinical trial enrolled 1,024 patients with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (median baseline HbA1c, 7.3% [IQR, 6.9-7.8%]) at 39 diabetes clinics in Italy. After standardized education, 501 patients were randomized to intensive structured monitoring (ISM) with 4-point glycemic profiles (fasting, preprandial, 2-h postprandial, and postabsorptive measurements) performed 3 days/week; 523 patients were randomized to active control (AC) with 4-point glycemic profiles performed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Two primary end points were tested in hierarchical order: HbA1c change at 12 months and percentage of patients at risk target for low and high blood glucose index.

resultsIntent-to-treat analysis showed greater HbA1c reductions over 12 months in ISM (-0.39%) than in AC patients (-0.27%), with a between-group difference of -0.12% (95% CI, -0.210 to -0.024; P=0.013). In the per-protocol analysis, the between-group difference was -0.21% (-0.331 to -0.089; P=0.0007). More ISM than AC patients achieved clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c (>0.3, >0.4, or >0.5%) at study end (P<0.025). The proportion of patients reaching/maintaining the risk target at month 12 was similar in ISM (74.6%) and AC (70.1%) patients (P=0.131). At visits 2, 3, and 4, diabetes medications were changed more often in ISM than in AC patients (P<0.001).

conclusionsUse of structured SMBG improves glycemic control and provides guidance in prescribing diabetes medications in patients with relatively well-controlled noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID23735724
PMCPMC3781531

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.