ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2013
Maturation of CD4+ regulatory T lymphocytes and of cytokine secretions in infants born prematurely.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extremely Preterm Infants Have Significant Alterations in Their Conventional T Cell Compartment during the First Weeks of Life.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- Maternal-fetal dialogue and immunological programming: from fetal development to long-term health outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The immune system of preterm infants: an overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Allergy and atopic phenotype are associated with earlier gestation and severity of respiratory symptoms in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Lifelong partners: Gut microbiota-immune cell interactions from infancy to old age.Mucosal immunology · 2025Review
- Stereotypic Expansion of T Regulatory and Th17 Cells during Infancy Is Disrupted by HIV Exposure and Gut Epithelial Damage.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Human CD36Immunology · 2021Article
- Inborn Errors of Immunity in the Premature Infant: Challenges in Recognition and Diagnosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Prenatal Immunity and Influences on Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Neonatal Disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Age Distribution of Multiple Functionally Relevant Subsets of CD4+ T Cells in Human Blood Using a Standardized and Validated 14-Color EuroFlow Immune Monitoring Tube.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- T Cells in Preterm Infants and the Influence of Milk Diet.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Increased Regulatory T Cells Precede the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Observational
- Ontogeny of cytokine responses to PHA from birth to adulthood.Pediatric research · 2019Observational
- T cell developmental arrest in former premature infants increases risk of respiratory morbidity later in infancy.JCI insight · 2018Article
- High-dose of intravenous immunoglobulin modulates immune tolerance in premature infants.BMC pediatrics · 2018Article
- Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression in Neonates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
- Regulatory T cell frequencies are increased in preterm infants with clinical early-onset sepsis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2016Observational
- The immunological landscape in necrotising enterocolitis.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2016Review
- Neonatal regulatory T cells have reduced capacity to suppress dendritic cell function.European journal of immunology · 2015Article
- Preterm cord blood CD4⁺ T cells exhibit increased IL-6 production in chorioamnionitis and decreased CD4⁺ T cells in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Human immunology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo characterize the maturation of CD4(+) regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) and of cytokine productions in preterm infants during their first 16 months of life.
methodsThe proportions of CD4(+) Treg cells, their phenotypic characteristics, and the mitogen-induced cytokine productions by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analysed in 26 very-preterm infants from 2 to 16 months of age, and compared to results obtained for 17 cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) from very-preterm infants, 12 from term infants and to blood samples from 40 adults.
resultsHigh proportion of CD25(+/high)CD4(+) Treg cells was found at birth in preterm CB with a gradual decreased afterwards. However, their percentage at 16 months of age was still higher than in term CB. In contrast to adults, preterm infants were characterized by excellent linear correlations between the proportions of CD25(+/high)CD4(+) and CD25(+/high)FoxP3(+) CD4(+) or CD25(+/high)CD127(low) CD4(+) or CD25(+/high)FoxP3(+)CD127(low) CD4(+)T lymphocytes. CD45RO(+) and HLA-DR(+) expressions were very low on preterm Treg and progressively increased with age. Functionally, preterm compared to term CBMC secreted in response to phytohaemagglutinin lower IFN-γ, higher IL-5 and similar IL-12p70, IL-10, IL-2 and IL-13 concentrations. IFN-γ, IL-12p70 and IL-10 productions were at 16 months still lower than those obtained for adults
conclusionPreterm differed from term CBMC both by their proportion and phenotype of CD4(+) Treg lymphocytes and by their cytokine secretions. Maturation occurred during infancy with similar IFN-γ secretion but with persistently higher proportion of CD4(+) Treg cells in 1 year preterm infants compared to term neonates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.