ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2014
The gut-renal axis: do incretin-based agents confer renoprotection in diabetes?
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of liraglutide on renal function in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.African health sciences · 2022 · on this mapPooled it
- Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2019Pooled it
- Fasting and postprandial kidney haemodynamic effects of empagliflozin and linagliptin in mono- and combination therapy compared to gliclazide in overweight people with type 2 diabetes (RACELINES): A randomised, double-blind trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin treatment in older adults with moderately controlled type 2 diabetes: the STREAM study.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Postprandial renal haemodynamic effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin versus the sulphonylurea glimepiride in adults with type 2 diabetes (RENALIS): A predefined substudy of a randomized, double-blind trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Short-term renal and metabolic effects of low dose vildagliptin treatment added-on insulin therapy in non-proteinuric patients with type 2 diabetes: open-label randomized prospective study.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- The renoprotective effect and safety of a DPP-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, at a small dose in type 2 diabetic patients with a renal dysfunction when changed from other DPP-4 inhibitors: REAL trial.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2018Trial
- Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes.The New England journal of medicine · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Acute renal effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide in overweight type 2 diabetes patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Diabetologia · 2016Trial
- Exenatide acutely increases heart rate in parallel with augmented sympathetic nervous system activation in healthy overweight males.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Possible mechanisms of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on blood pressure beyond body weight.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Review
- Assessment, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for renal functional reserve.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Targeting GLP-1 Signaling Ameliorates Cystogenesis in a Zebrafish Model of Nephronophthisis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology Clinical Practice Guideline on Diabetic Kidney Disease-2025 Update.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor modulates cerebrospinal fluid secretion and intracranial pressure in rats.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Links Ingestion, Homeostasis, and the Heart.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Review
- Yiqi Huoxue recipe ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by mediating VAPB-PTPIP51 complex to activate autophagy and regulate MAM contact.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, and is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Intensive control of glucose levels and blood pressure is currently the mainstay of both prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. However, this strategy cannot fully prevent the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, and an unmet need remains for additional novel therapies. The incretin-based agents--agonists of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that degrades glucagon-like peptide 1--are novel blood-glucose-lowering drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therapeutic agents from these two drug classes improve pancreatic islet function and induce extrapancreatic effects that ameliorate various phenotypic defects of T2DM that are beyond glucose control. Agonists of GLP-1R and inhibitors of DPP-4 reduce blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and inflammation, although only GLP-1R agonists decrease body weight. Both types of incretin-based agents inhibit renal tubular sodium reabsorption and decrease glomerular pressure as well as albuminuria in rodents and humans. In rodents, incretin-based therapies also prevent onset of the morphological abnormalities of diabetic nephropathy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.