Trial reportDiabetologia2014
Association of blood glucose control and pancreatic reserve with diabetic retinopathy in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00756613 (CSP #465FS - VA Diabetes Trial Long Term Follow-up Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CSP #465FS - VA Diabetes Trial Long Term Follow-up Study
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucose targets for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Tear glucose is associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Article
- The role of C-peptide in diabetes and its complications: an updated review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Early Worsening of Retinopathy in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes After Rapid Improvement in Glycaemic Control: A Systematic Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Review
- Eye Outcomes in Veteran Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) After 17 Years.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Management of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Mellitus: Ophthalmologic Outcomes in Intensive versus Conventional Glycemic Control.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Efficacy and Safety of TangWang Prescription for Type 2 Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Review of the veteran affairs diabetes trial: Lessons learned.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2020Review
- The Threshold of the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy below Which Intensive Glycemic Control Is Beneficial in Diabetic Patients: Estimation Using Data from Large Randomized Clinical Trials.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Review
- Interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase rs1799983, cholesteryl ester-transfer protein rs708272 and angiopoietin-like protein 8 rs2278426 gene variants highly elevates the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2018Article
- Clinical Course and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2016Article
- Future opportunities in diabetic retinopathy research.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2016Review
- Glucose Tolerance,Journal of diabetes research · 2016Article
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Diabetic Microvascular Complications: Friends or Foes?Stem cells international · 2016Review
- Epigenetic Changes in Endothelial Progenitors as a Possible Cellular Basis for Glycemic Memory in Diabetic Vascular Complications.Journal of diabetes research · 2015Review
- Type 2 diabetes in Brazil: epidemiology and management.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisThe aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intensive glycaemic control (INT) and higher plasma C-peptide levels in patients with poorly controlled diabetes would be associated with better eye outcomes.
methodsThe incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was assessed by grading seven-field stereoscopic fundus photographs at baseline and 5 years later in 858 of 1,791 participants in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).
resultsAfter adjustment for all covariates, risk of progression (but not incidence) of DR increased by 30% for each 1% increase in baseline HbA1c (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.123, 1.503; p = 0.0004). Neither assignment to INT nor age was independently associated with DR in the entire cohort. However, INT showed a biphasic interaction with age. The incidence of DR was decreased in INT participants ≤55 years of age (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.24, 1.0) but increased in those ≥70 years old (OR 2.88; 95% CI 1.0, 8.24) (p = 0.0043). The incidence of DR was reduced by 67.2% with each 1 pmol/ml increment in baseline C-peptide (OR 0.328; 95% CI 0.155, 0.7; p = 0.0037). Baseline C-peptide was also an independent inverse risk factor for the progression of DR, with a reduction of 47% with each 1 pmol/ml increase in C-peptide (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.305, 0.921; p = 0.0244). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationPoor glucose control at baseline was associated with an increased risk of progression of DR. INT was associated with a decreased incidence of DR in younger patients but with an increased risk of DR in older patients. Higher C-peptide at baseline was associated with reduced incidence and progression of DR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.