Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24607648›Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American College of Cardiology2014

Genetic variants at chromosome 9p21 and risk of first versus subsequent coronary heart disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Riyaz S Patel, Folkert W Asselbergs, Arshed A Quyyumi, Tom M Palmer, Chris I Finan, Vinicius Tragante, John Deanfield, Harry Hemingway, Aroon D Hingorani, Michael V Holmes

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2017
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Riyaz S PatelDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, The Heart Hospital, University College London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: riyaz.patel@ucl.ac.uk.
Folkert W AsselbergsGenetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Arshed A QuyyumiDepartment of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Tom M PalmerDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Chris I FinanGenetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Vinicius TraganteDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
John DeanfieldNational Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Harry HemingwayDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Aroon D HingoraniGenetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Michael V HolmesGenetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
University College London · GBUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NLEmory University · USNational Institute for Health Research · GBUniversity of Warwick · GB

Funding

CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR025008 · NCRR · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHENS, DAVID S · 2007 to 2011
$29.0M
Department of Health RP-PG-0407-10314Medical Research Council G0802432Medical Research Council MR/K006584/1NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe purpose of this analysis was to compare the association between variants at the chromosome 9p21 locus (Ch9p21) and risk of first versus subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events through systematic review and meta-analysis.

backgroundCh9p21 is a recognized risk factor for a first CHD event. However, its association with risk of subsequent events in patients with established CHD is less clear.

methodsWe searched PubMed and EMBASE for prospective studies reporting association of Ch9p21 with incident CHD events and extracted information on cohort type (individuals without prior CHD or individuals with established CHD) and effect estimates for risk of events.

resultsWe identified 31 cohorts reporting on 193,372 individuals. Among the 16 cohorts of individuals without prior CHD (n = 168,209), there were 15,664 first CHD events. Ch9p21 was associated with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of a first event of 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 1.22) per risk allele. In individuals with established CHD (n = 25,163), there were 4,436 subsequent events providing >99% and 91% power to detect a per-allele HR of 1.19 or 1.10, respectively. The pooled HR for subsequent events was 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.97 to 1.06) per risk allele. There was strong evidence of heterogeneity between the effect estimates for first and subsequent events (p value for heterogeneity = 5.6 × 10(-11)). We found no evidence for biases to account for these findings.

conclusionsCh9p21 shows differential association with risk of first versus subsequent CHD events. This has implications for genetic risk prediction in patients with established CHD and for mechanistic understanding of how Ch9p21 influences risk of CHD.

Indexed as

AnimalsChromosomes, Human, Pair 9Coronary DiseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk Factors9p21coronary heart diseasegenomicsincidentsubsequent

Identifiers

PMID24607648
PMCPMC4035794
OpenAlexW1594032893

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.