SynthesisJournal of the American College of Cardiology2014
Genetic variants at chromosome 9p21 and risk of first versus subsequent coronary heart disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Chromosome 9p21 With Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease Events.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Genetic risk, coronary heart disease events, and the clinical benefit of statin therapy: an analysis of primary and secondary prevention trials.Lancet (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Genetic Variant rs10757278 on Chromosome 9p21 Contributes to Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Pooled it
- Myocardial infarction activates the 9p21.3 orthologous locus expression, but its absence does not alter cardiac pathophysiology in ischemia.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Optimizing UK biobank cloud-based research analysis platform to fine-map coronary artery disease loci in whole genome sequencing data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Influence of Chromosome 9p21.3 rs1333049 Variant on Telomere Length and Their Interactive Impact on the Prognosis of Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Article
- Circular RNA as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis: Are We Running in Circles?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Post-GWAS functional analysis identifies CUX1 as a regulator of p16Nature aging · 2022Article
- Reproducible disease phenotyping at scale: Example of coronary artery disease in UK Biobank.PloS one · 2022Article
- Systems biology in cardiovascular disease: a multiomics approach.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2021Review
- Polygenic risk scores for coronary artery disease and subsequent event risk amongst established cases.Human molecular genetics · 2020Article
- Association between Coronary Artery Disease and rs10757278 and rs1333049 Polymorphisms in 9p21 Locus in Iran.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2020Article
- Gazing into smoldering volcanoes: precision cardiac imaging.Future science OA · 2018Article
- The association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and hypertensive disorders in T2DM patients: a case-control study in the Han Chinese population.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2017Article
- Leveraging information from genetic risk scores of coronary atherosclerosis.Current opinion in lipidology · 2017Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2017Review
- Enhanced Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet Activity in Hypercholesterolemic, B6-Ldlr-/-, Cdkn2a-Deficient Mice.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this analysis was to compare the association between variants at the chromosome 9p21 locus (Ch9p21) and risk of first versus subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events through systematic review and meta-analysis.
backgroundCh9p21 is a recognized risk factor for a first CHD event. However, its association with risk of subsequent events in patients with established CHD is less clear.
methodsWe searched PubMed and EMBASE for prospective studies reporting association of Ch9p21 with incident CHD events and extracted information on cohort type (individuals without prior CHD or individuals with established CHD) and effect estimates for risk of events.
resultsWe identified 31 cohorts reporting on 193,372 individuals. Among the 16 cohorts of individuals without prior CHD (n = 168,209), there were 15,664 first CHD events. Ch9p21 was associated with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of a first event of 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 1.22) per risk allele. In individuals with established CHD (n = 25,163), there were 4,436 subsequent events providing >99% and 91% power to detect a per-allele HR of 1.19 or 1.10, respectively. The pooled HR for subsequent events was 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.97 to 1.06) per risk allele. There was strong evidence of heterogeneity between the effect estimates for first and subsequent events (p value for heterogeneity = 5.6 × 10(-11)). We found no evidence for biases to account for these findings.
conclusionsCh9p21 shows differential association with risk of first versus subsequent CHD events. This has implications for genetic risk prediction in patients with established CHD and for mechanistic understanding of how Ch9p21 influences risk of CHD.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.