Evidence mapPaperPMID 24620964Full record

ArticleNeurological research2014

Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in the substantia nigra of hemiparkinsonian nonhuman primates.

Christine Swanson, Marina Emborg

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurological research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Novel and experimental therapeutics for the management of motor and non-motor Parkinsonian symptoms.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Review
  6. Antidiabetic drugs in Parkinson's disease.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christine Swanson
Marina Emborg
University of Wisconsin–Madison · US

Funding

ZOLEDRONATE PREVENTS BONE LOSS IN OVARIECTOMIZED RHESUS MONKEYSP51RR000167 · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON · 1985 to 2005
$48.8M
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center SupportP51OD011106 · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · 2025 to 2025
$9.9M
Biology of Aging and Age-Related Diseases Training GrantT32AG000213 · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · 1991 to 2025
$2.3M
NCRR NIH HHS P51 RR000167NCRR NIH HHS P51RR000167NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000213NIH HHS P51 OD011106NIH HHS P51OD011106
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo characterize the distribution of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) in the substantia nigra of normal and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated hemiparkinsonian monkeys, in order to validate PPAR-gamma as a target for neuroprotection.

methodsImmunohistochemical analysis of PPAR-gamma expression was performed in the substantia nigra and other select brain regions of fifteen rhesus monkeys including controls (n = 3), hemiparkinsonian necropsied after 3 (n = 5) or 12 (n = 3) months after MPTP, and animals who received MPTP+5 mg/kg of the PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone (n = 4).

resultsPPAR-gamma expression was prominent in the subthalamic nucleus, oculomotor nucleus, ventral tegmental nucleus, and to a lesser extent, in the putamen; 3 or 12 months after MPTP, only the lesioned putamen had increased PPAR-gamma. Stereological cell quantification in normal subjects showed that approximately 50% of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) expressed PPAR-gamma. After MPTP, there was a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ipsilateral SNpc and the actual numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and PPAR-gamma cells were not significantly different at either time point. Pioglitazone dosing protected TH-positive neurons, closely matching the number of PPAR-gamma expressing cells in the ipsilateral SNpc. Nigral immunofluorescence verified colocalization of PPAR-gamma in neurons. DISCUSSION: These results demonstrate that PPAR-gamma is expressed in the SNpc and putamen of nonhuman primates and, that the dopaminergic nigral neurons expressing PPAR-gamma are more likely to survive neurotoxin challenge after ligand activation by pioglitazone, therefore providing neuroanatomical validation for the use of PPAR-gamma agonists in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Indexed as

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineAnimalsBrainCell CountCentral Nervous System AgentsDopaminergic NeuronsFluorescent Antibody TechniqueImmunohistochemistryMacaca mulattaMaleNeuronsParkinsonian DisordersPhotomicrographyPioglitazonePPAR gammaPutamen1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineCentral Nervous System AgentsPioglitazonePPAR gammaThiazolidinedionesTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseBasal ganglia,Inflammation,MPTP,Nonhuman primates,Parkinson’s disease,Pioglitazone,PPAR-gamma,Substantia nigra,TH

Identifiers

PMID24620964
PMCPMC4254814
OpenAlexW2079554189

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.