Trial reportJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2014
Impaired fasting glucose and body mass index as determinants of mortality in ALLHAT: is the obesity paradox real?
Trial report in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index and all-cause mortality in heart failure patients with normal and reduced ventricular ejection fraction: a dose-response meta-analysis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2019Pooled it
- Is Targeting LDL-C Levels Below 70 mg/dL Beneficial for Cardiovascular and Overall Health? A Critical Examination of the Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Association between obesity and neurological outcomes among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: The SOS-KANTO 2017 study.Resuscitation plus · 2024Article
- Article
- Systematic examination of a heart failure risk prediction tool: The pooled cohort equations to prevent heart failure.PloS one · 2020Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin in Obesity and Hypertension.Current hypertension reports · 2018Review
- Obesity is bad regardless of the obesity paradox for hypertension and heart disease.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2018Article
- The relationship between obesity and hypertension: an updated comprehensive overview on vicious twins.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Review
- The obesity paradox: is it really a paradox? Hypertension.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2017Review
- The joint association of self-rated health and diabetes status on 14-year mortality in elderly men and women.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2016Article
- Inflammation Modifies the Paradoxical Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedGoldfine, Allison [corrected to Goldfine, Alison B]
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging literature suggests that obesity may be "protective" against mortality and cardiovascular outcomes, while dysglycemia may worsen outcomes regardless of obesity. The authors measured the association of weight, smoking, and glycemia with mortality in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Among 5423 ALLHAT participants without established diabetes or cardiovascular disease, 3980 (73%) had normal fasting glucose and 1443 (27%) had impaired fasting glucose (IFG) levels at study entry. After a median of 4.9 years follow-up, 554 (10%) had died (37% cardiovascular). IFG was associated with higher all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.50), while obesity was associated with lower all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.96). However, after excluding underweight individuals (body mass index [BMI] <22 kg/m(2) ) and smokers, neither obesity nor IFG was associated with all-cause mortality [corrected]. Although obesity appeared protective against mortality, this association was not significant in never-smokers or after exclusion of BMI <22 kg/m(2) . The obesity paradox may result from confounding by a sicker, underweight referent population and smoking.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.