Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24812434›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2014

Impact of visit-to-visit glycemic variability on the risks of macrovascular and microvascular events and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: the ADVANCE trial.

Yoichiro Hirakawa, Hisatomi Arima, Sophia Zoungas, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Mark Cooper, Pavel Hamet, Giuseppe Mancia, Neil Poulter, Stephen Harrap, Mark Woodward and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02879409 (Does Glycated Hemoglobin Variability in Type 2 Diabetes Differ Depending on the Diabetes Treatment Threshold Used in the Qatari Population), which is not on this map. Cited by 179 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
179citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
14.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02879409 naactive not recruitingstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Does Glycated Hemoglobin Variability in Type 2 Diabetes Differ Depending on the Diabetes Treatment Threshold Used in the Qatari Population: Implication on Diabetes Complication Risk?

Ran2016Enrolled150Registered outcomes4Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Armsdapagliflozin, Gliclazide, human insulin, liraglutide, Metformin
PMID 9742977PMID 19092145PMID 9886743PMID 9742976PMID 10938048PMID 12020338PMID 14694008PMID 15189396PMID 15921524PMID 16004665PMID 16801566PMID 17490424other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

179 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 372 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Use of flash glucose-sensing technology in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with liraglutide combined with CSII: a pilot study.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2020
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119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Yoichiro HirakawaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Hisatomi ArimaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Sophia ZoungasThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaSchool of Public Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Toshiharu NinomiyaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Mark CooperBaker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Pavel HametCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal and Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
Giuseppe ManciaIRCCS Instituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
Neil PoulterImperial College and St. Mary's Hospital, London, U.K.
Stephen HarrapUniversity of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
John ChalmersThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia chalmers@georgeinstitute.org.au.
University of Sydney · AUThe George Institute for Global Health · AUIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico · ITThe Heart Research Institute · AUThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUUniversité de Montréal · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThere is no consensus on the importance of visit-to-visit glycemic variability in diabetes. Therefore, we assessed the effects of visit-to-visit variability (VVV) in HbA1c and fasting glucose on major outcomes in the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation) trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsADVANCE was a factorial randomized controlled trial of intensive glucose control and blood pressure lowering in patients with type 2 diabetes. VVV in the intensive glucose treatment group was defined using the SD of five measurements of HbA1c and glucose taken 3-24 months after randomization. Outcomes were combined macro- and microvascular events and all-cause mortality occurring post 24 months. Sensitivity analyses were performed using other indices of variability and in the standard glucose treatment group.

resultsAmong 4,399 patients in the intensive group, an increase in VVV of HbA1c was associated with an increased risk of vascular events (P = 0.01) and with mortality (P < 0.001): highest versus lowest tenth hazard ratio (95% CI) 1.64 (1.05-2.55) and 3.31 (1.57-6.98), respectively, after multivariable adjustment. A clear association was also observed between VVV of fasting glucose and increased risk of vascular events (P < 0.001; 2.70 [1.65-4.42]). HbA1c variability was positively associated with the risk of macrovascular events (P = 0.02 for trend), whereas glucose variability was associated with both macro- and microvascular events (P = 0.005 and P < 0.001 for trend, respectively). Sensitivity analyses using other indices, and patients in the standard glucose treatment group, were broadly consistent with these results.

conclusionsConsistency of glycemic control is important to reduce the risks of vascular events and death in type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overBlood GlucoseCause of DeathDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesDrug CombinationsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGliclazideHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIndapamideMaleMiddle AgedOffice VisitsBlood GlucoseDrug CombinationsGliclazideHypoglycemic AgentsIndapamideindapamide, perindopril drug combinationPerindopril

Identifiers

PMID24812434
OpenAlexW2122273643

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.