ReviewArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia2014
Lipoprotein (a): structure, pathophysiology and clinical implications.
Review in Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Genetic, Biochemical and Functional Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Premature Coronary Artery Disease and Treatment Options
Influence of Pelacarsen on Arterial Wall Properties and Risk Factors in Patients After Myocardial Infarction With High Lp(a) Values
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Action mechanism and cardiovascular effect of anthocyanins: a systematic review of animal and human studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Expert consensus on Lipoprotein(a) in the Gulf countries: Navigating cardiovascular risk and therapeutic advances.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- Lipopotrein(a): from the complex metabolism to the optimal lowering drug.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Lipoprotein(a) Measurement in Younger Patients Following ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.CJC open · 2026Article
- Lipoprotein(a) in Coronary Artery Disease and Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Impact, Interventional Implications and Emerging Targeted Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Emerging Lipid Risk: Lipoprotein(a).Korean circulation journal · 2026Review
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Lipoprotein(a): Method-Dependent Profiles and Disease Pathways.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The biology of lipoprotein(a): From genetics to molecular mechanisms.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Guideline for Chronic Coronary Syndrome - 2025.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein(a) levels in Irish subjects from a specialised lipid centre.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional study of lipoprotein(a) and the severity of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease in a group of South Asian patients.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein(a)-Lowering Drugs: A Mini Review.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2025Review
- Serum Lipids, Inflammation, and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: Pathophysiological Links and Clinical Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prognostic value of TIMI risk score combined with systemic immune-inflammation index and lipoprotein(a) in patients with ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein(a) and the risk of type I cardiorenal syndrome in patients with coronary artery disease: A retrospective clinical study.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein(a) and Its Role in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Narrative Review.Vascular health and risk management · 2025Review
- Review
- A Multiplexed Quantitative Proteomics Approach to the Human Plasma Protein Signature.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Mendelian Randomization Studies in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2024Review
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The chemical structure of lipoprotein (a) is similar to that of LDL, from which it differs due to the presence of apolipoprotein (a) bound to apo B100 via one disulfide bridge. Lipoprotein (a) is synthesized in the liver and its plasma concentration, which can be determined by use of monoclonal antibody-based methods, ranges from < 1 mg to > 1,000 mg/dL. Lipoprotein (a) levels over 20-30 mg/dL are associated with a two-fold risk of developing coronary artery disease. Usually, black subjects have higher lipoprotein (a) levels that, differently from Caucasians and Orientals, are not related to coronary artery disease. However, the risk of black subjects must be considered. Sex and age have little influence on lipoprotein (a) levels. Lipoprotein (a) homology with plasminogen might lead to interference with the fibrinolytic cascade, accounting for an atherogenic mechanism of that lipoprotein. Nevertheless, direct deposition of lipoprotein (a) on arterial wall is also a possible mechanism, lipoprotein (a) being more prone to oxidation than LDL. Most prospective studies have confirmed lipoprotein (a) as a predisposing factor to atherosclerosis. Statin treatment does not lower lipoprotein (a) levels, differently from niacin and ezetimibe, which tend to reduce lipoprotein (a), although confirmation of ezetimibe effects is pending. The reduction in lipoprotein (a) concentrations has not been demonstrated to reduce the risk for coronary artery disease. Whenever higher lipoprotein (a) concentrations are found, and in the absence of more effective and well-tolerated drugs, a more strict and vigorous control of the other coronary artery disease risk factors should be sought.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.