Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25252961›Full record

ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014

Siglecs induce tolerance to cell surface antigens by BIM-dependent deletion of the antigen-reactive B cells.

Matthew S Macauley, James C Paulson

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. CD21Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Vaccines for immune tolerance against autoimmune disease.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Impact of Siglecs on autoimmune diseases.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2023
    Review
  8. Targeting CD22 on memory B cells to induce tolerance to peanut allergens.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Matthew S MacauleyDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
James C PaulsonDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 jpaulson@scripps.edu.
Scripps Research Institute · US

Funding

REGULATION OF SIALOSIDE EXPRESSION IN LEUKOCYTESR01AI050143 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI PAULSON, JAMES C · 2003 to 2018
$7.0M
Inducing antigen specific B cell toleranceR01AI099141 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI PAULSON, JAMES C · 2012 to 2016
$2.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050143NIAID NIH HHS R01AI050143NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI099141NIAID NIH HHS R01AI099141
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infusion of blood cells from a donor can induce humoral tolerance in a recipient and increase the probability of successful organ transplant, a clinical method defined as donor-specific transfusion (DST). Despite the clinical success of DST, the immunological mechanisms by which blood cells displaying a foreign Ag induce tolerance remain poorly understood. Based on recent findings showing that the B cell siglecs, CD22 and Siglec-G, can promote tolerance to Ags presented on the same surface as their ligands, we speculated that the B cell siglecs are key players in tolerance induced by DST. Using a variety of chemical and genetic approaches, we show that the B cell siglecs mediate tolerance to cell surface Ags by initiating an inhibitory signal that culminates in elimination of the Ag-reactive B cell. CD22 and Siglec-G are recruited to the immunological synapse by sialic acid ligands on the Ag-bearing cells, producing a tolerogenic signal involving Lyn and the proapoptotic factor BIM that promotes deletion of the B cell and failure of mice to develop Abs to the Ag upon subsequent challenge. We speculate that this tolerogenic mechanism is a contributing factor in DST and a mechanism of peripheral B cell tolerance to cell surface autoantigens.

Indexed as

Immune ToleranceAdoptive TransferAnimalsAntigensAntigens, SurfaceApoptosisApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBcl-2-Like Protein 11B-LymphocytesImmunity, HumoralImmunological SynapsesLectinsLigandsLymphocyte ActivationLymphocyte DepletionMembrane ProteinsAntigensAntigens, SurfaceApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBcl2l11 protein, mouseBcl-2-Like Protein 11LectinsLigandslyn protein-tyrosine kinaseMembrane ProteinsProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptors, Antigen, B-CellSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like LectinsSiglecg protein, mousesrc-Family Kinases

Identifiers

PMID25252961
PMCPMC4201975
OpenAlexW2165528840

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.